Rapid, tunable synthesis of porous carbon xerogels with expanded graphite and their application as anodes for Li-ion batteries

Ling, Chen; Deng, Junqian; Hong, Shu; Lian, Hailan

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.048

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The increase is even more pronounced for the slow scanning rate, proving that these moieties favor access of the electrolyte to the carbon structure. This finding is in partial agreement with observations made by Chen et al , claiming that carbonyl (CO) and carboxyl (O–CO) groups promote wettability and enhance the electrochemical performance of the materials …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

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Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Piedboeuf

Job

Aqil

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The present study elucidates the role of surface oxygen functional groups on the electrochemical behavior of porous carbons when used as anodes for Li-ion batteries. To achieve this objective, a carbon xerogel (CX) obtained by pyrolysis of a resorcinol-formaldehyde gel was modified by different post-synthesis treatments in order to modulate its surface chemistry while maintaining its external surface constant. Various surface modifications were obtained by oxidation in air, insitu polymerization of dopamine and, finally, by grafting of a polyethylene oxide layer on the polydopamine coating. While oxidation in air did not affect the pore texture of the CX, modifications by coating techniques substantially decreased the micropore fraction. Detailed electrochemical characterizations of the materials processed as electrodes were performed by capacitance measurements and galvanostatic cycling. Surface chemistry results, by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, show that the accessibility and the capacity increase when carbonyl (R-C=O) groups are formed on the CX, but not with oxides and hydroxyls. The amount of surface carbonyls, and in particular aldehyde (O=CH) groups, is found as the key parameter since it is directly correlated with the modified CX electrochemical behavior. Overall, the explored surface coatings tend to reduce the micropore volume and add mainly hydroxyl functional groups but hardly change the Li + insertion/de-insertion capacities, while oxidation in air adds carbonyl groups, increasing the Li + ions storage capacity thanks to an improved accessibility to the carbon network, which is not caused by any textural change.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This finding is in partial agreement with observations made by Chen et al, claiming that carbonyl (CO) and carboxyl (O−CO) groups promote wettability and enhance the electrochemical performance of the materials. 43 3.5.2. Electrochemical Behavior in a Half-Cell Assembly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Piedboeuf

Job

Aqil

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…N-PCNS displayed a good cycling performance of 344.6 mAh g −1 after 500 cycles even at 5 A g −1 , and it still has a capacity of 175 mAh g −1 after 1000 cycles with a coulombic efficiency of nearly 100% (figure 3(e)). As shown in table 1, the electrochemical performance of N-PCNS is significantly better than the currently reported carbon-based electrode materials [39][40][41][42][43][44]. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was conducted to determine kinetics of PCNS and N-PCNS electrodes (figure S3(b)).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coal-based ultrathin N-doped carbon nanosheets synthesized by molten-salt method for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

et al. 2022

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Coal is a typical fossil fuel and it is also a natural carbon material, therefore, converting it to functional carbon materials is an effective way to enhance the economic advantages of coal. Here, ultrathin N-doped carbon nanosheets were prepared from low-cost coal via a handy and green molten-salt method, which shown excellent performance for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The formation mechanism of ultrathin nanosheets was studied in detail. The eutectic molten salts possess low melting points and become a strong polar solvent at the calcined temperature, making the acidified-coal miscible with them in very homogeneously state. Therefore, they can play a gigantic role in in-situ pore-forming during the carbonization and induce the formation of ultrathin nanosheets due to the salt ions. Simultaneously, the ultrathin N-doped carbon nanosheets with rich defects and controllable surface area was smoothly prepared without any more complex process while revealing brilliant electrochemical performance due to rich ion diffusion pathways. It delivers reversible capacity of 727 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 after 150 cycles. Thus, the molten-salt method broadens the avenue to construct porous carbon materials with tailor-made morphologies. Equally important, this approach provides a step toward the sustainable materials design and chemical science in the future.

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“…Sn [ 107] Solvent Electrodeposition Discharge capacity: 1050 mAh g −1 at 0. RFCA-70 [ 48] Reaction medium and catalyst Sol-gel method + calcination 633 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 and retention at 564 mAh g −1 after 50 cycles…”

Section: Lithium-ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Lian's group synthesized a stable carbon gel in Fe-based DES via the rapid polymerization of Reformaldehyde. [31,48] The coordination between Fe 3+ and Re stimulated the even distribution of Fe 3+ in the polymer, thereby promoting the graphitization of carbon xerogels (Figure 2e). In the subsequent carbonization process of carbon xerogel, Fe embedded in the polymer performed as a catalyst to induce the formation of an orderly graphitic crystalline structure, which was in favor of enhancing the conductivity of carbon materials.…”

Section: Reaction Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent‐Mediated Synthesis of Functional Powder Materials from Deep Eutectic Solvents for Energy Storage and Conversion: A Review

Deng,

Gao,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Developing advanced electrochemical energy storage and conversion (ESC) technologies based on renewable clean energy can alleviate severe global environmental pollution and energy crisis. The efficient preparation of functional electrode materials via a simple, green, and safe synthesis process is the key to the commercial feasibility of these ESC systems. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with easy‐tunable solvent properties and recyclable features have emerged as novel solvent systems for designing and synthesizing various functional powder materials for ESC devices. In this paper, the application of DESs in the synthesis of energy‐related functional powder materials is systematically reviewed. After briefly introducing the classification and synthesis of DESs, their critical roles in synthesizing powder materials are discussed. Then, the recent advances of DES‐derived powder materials in ESC, including batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and water splitting, are described in detail from the perspective of preparation‐structure‐activity. Finally, some challenges and development directions of the DESs‐mediated synthesis of powder materials with high electrochemical performance for ESC applications are outlined.

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Rapid, tunable synthesis of porous carbon xerogels with expanded graphite and their application as anodes for Li-ion batteries

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Coal-based ultrathin N-doped carbon nanosheets synthesized by molten-salt method for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Solvent‐Mediated Synthesis of Functional Powder Materials from Deep Eutectic Solvents for Energy Storage and Conversion: A Review

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