Rapid replacement of somatic linker histones with the oocyte-specific linker histone H1foo in nuclear transfer

Teranishi, Takahide; Tanaka, Mamoru; Kimoto, Shingo; Ono, Yukiko; Miyakoshi, Kei; Kono, Toru; Yoshimura, Yasunori

doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2003.10.004

Cited by 104 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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Section: Changes In Chromosomal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Similarly, structural components of chromatin, such as HMG proteins, are efficiently exchanged between the nuclei of a heterokaryon 38 . Of note, the highly mobile histone H1 is not exchanged between the nuclei of a heterokaryon 39 ; this is in sharp contrast to the highly efficient loading of this component onto nuclei transplanted to eggs and oocytes 11,26,27 . One explanation for this discrepancy is that, despite their high mobility and abundance, chromosomal proteins such as linker histone H1 do not shuttle between the cytoplasm and nuclei of a heterokaryon, and this reduces their ability to travel between nuclei 39 .…”

Section: Changes In Chromosomal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These changes might seem to be functionally neutral, as the same protein will occupy the same site on chromatin. However, the exchange rate of these proteins is changed, as shown by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis 11,27 , indicating an increase in chromatin mobility similar to what is observed in pluripotent cells 31 .Oocytes also contain a high concentration of nuclear components that are already present in somatic cells, albeit at lower levels. This is the case for nuclear actin, the polymerized form of which is increased in nuclei transplanted into X. laevis oocytes 32 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This view is based on two criteria. First, in ooc-NT experiments, nearly all transplanted nuclei always show incorporation of oocyte chromatin proteins 11,26,27 and new transcription after nuclear transfer (see below). Second, differentiated cell nuclei transplanted to oocytes reactivate Sox2 to the level of undifferentiated cell nuclei 11 .…”

Section: Reprogramming Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3a). For example, the oocyte-specific linker histone H1foo in mice, or B4 in X. laevis, replaces somatic linker histone types present in somatic nuclei before transplantation 11,26,27 (FIG. 3b).…”

Section: Changes In Chromosomal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming by eggs and oocytes: a deterministic process?

Jullien

Pasque²,

Halley-Stott³

et al. 2011

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol

103

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Differentiated cells can be experimentally reprogrammed back to pluripotency by nuclear transfer, cell fusion or induced pluripotent stem cell technology. Nuclear transfer and cell fusion can lead to efficient reprogramming of gene expression. The egg and oocyte reprogramming process includes the exchange of somatic proteins for oocyte proteins, the post-translational modification of histones and the demethylation of DNA. These events occur in an ordered manner and on a defined timescale, indicating that reprogramming by nuclear transfer and by cell fusion rely on deterministic processes.The remarkable stability of cell differentiation under normal conditions can be reversed experimentally by nuclear transfer, cell fusion and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology [1][2][3][4][5] . This provides an opportunity to generate pluripotent embryonic cells from adult cells of the same individual and hence opens the possibilit y of cell replacement without the need for immunosuppression.iPS cell technology makes use of the overexpression of transcription factors (FIG. 1a) and has been extensively reviewed, so it is not discussed in detail [6][7][8][9] . To generate entirely unrelated cell types by iPS cell technology, treated cells must be grown for multiple cell divisions over a long period of time (up to 3 weeks). By contrast, nuclear transfer and cell fusion do not involve the overexpression of new genes, and instead make use of natura components present in eggs and some early embryos to initiate new transcription.There are two kinds of nuclear transfer experiments: egg-NT involves the transfer of a single somatic nucleus to an unfertilize d enucleated egg (in both mammals and amphibians) 1 (FIG. 1b); and ooc-NT involves the transplantation of multiple somatic cell nuclei into the germinal vesicle (the nucleus) of a growing meiotic prophase amphibian oocyte (an immature egg) 10 (FIG. 1c). Note that the terms egg and oocyte refer to different developmental stages in amphibians and mammals: amphibian eggs are in metaphase II of meiosis, which is equivalent to mouse metaphase II stage oocytes, whereas their immediate precursors, oocytes, are blocked in meiotic prophase I, which is equivalent to mouse germinal vesicle stage oocytes.© 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved Correspondence to J.B.G.j.gurdon@gurdon.cam.ac.uk. Competing interests statementThe authors declare no competing financial interests. There are important differences between the two types of nuclear transfer experimen t. Extensive cell division takes place in egg-NT experiments, and functional new cell types appear as the nuclear transplant embryo develops. By contrast, in ooc-NT experiments, no new cell types are formed, and neither the oocyte nor the introduced nuclei divide, but there is a direct transition from nuclei of differentiated cells to reprogrammed nuclei that transcribe pluripotency genes. Analysis of the mechanism of reprogramming (which involves transcription of pluripotency and other genes) in egg-NT expe...

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Section: Changes In Chromosomal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 79%