Rapid radiometric detection of mycobacterial growth from smear‐positive tissue samples from pigs

Hoffner, Sven; Hahn, Kristen R.; Pedersen, Arne K.; Sandstedt, Karin

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02455.x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Results of this study show that broth culture by the BACTEC system is significantly more sensitive and rapid for the detection of M. malmoense in tissue samples than is solid culture on egg medium. Earlier, we obtained similarly good results by the use of liquid culture and BACTEC radiometry for the detection of the slow-growing mycobacteria belonging to the M. avium complex in clinical tissue samples (3,4); other investigators have also obtained good results, for example, Takahashi and Foster (10), who compared the BACTEC system with both egg-and agar-based solid media. The lack of sensitivity of conventional solid culture media seen in this and earlier studies prompts us to strongly recommend that a broth medium be included in the primary isolation of mycobacteria from tissues, so that infections caused by atypical mycobacteria will not be missed.…”

supporting

confidence: 61%

“…If the solid culture had been carried out at 37°C only, the sensitivity would have been even lower; only 5 of 17 (29%) positive cultures would have been detected ( Table 1). The time for detection was significantly shorter for the broth cultures; 11 of 16 positive cultures were detected within 2 weeks with the BACTEC system, while no growth was seen within the first 4 weeks of incubation when culturing on solid medium was used ( Table 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium malmoense: an easily missed pathogen

Hoffner¹,

Henriques²,

Petrini³

et al. 1991

J Clin Microbiol

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The BACTEC system (Becton Dickinson, Sparks, Md.) was compared with culture on Lôwenstein-Jensen egg medium for the detection of Mycobacterium malmoense in lymph node samples from children with lymphadenitis. It was found to be significantly more sensitive and rapid. The use of the BACTEC system is thus recommended as a complement to culture on solid media for the primary isolation of atypical mycobacteria, such as M. malmoense.

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confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium malmoense: an easily missed pathogen

Hoffner¹,

Henriques²,

Petrini³

et al. 1991

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Radiometric culture of filter-concentrated fecal specimens detected over 50% more positive specimens compared with conventional culture methods and thus provides the most sensitive and cost-effective method for detection of infectious animals with paratuberculosis. The methods described might also be useful for improved detection of Mycobacterium avium from pigs (11) or M. avium from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (15,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced radiometric detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis by using filter-concentrated bovine fecal specimens

et al. 1990

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A commercial radiometric medium, BACTEC 12B, was modified by addition of mycobactin, egg yolk suspension, and antibiotics (vancomycin, amphotericin B, and nalidixic acid). Decontaminated bovine fecal specimens were filter concentrated by using 3-,um-pore-size, 13-mm-diameter polycarbonate filters, and the entire filter was placed into the radiometric broth. Comparison of the radiometric technique with conventional methods on 603 cattle from 9 Mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected herds found that of 75 positive specimens, the radiometric technique detected 92% while conventional methods detected 60% (P < 0.0005). Only 3.9% of radiometric cultures were contaminated. To measure the effect of filter concentration of specimens on the detection rate, 5 cattle with minimal and 5 with moderate ileum histopathology were sampled weekly for 3 weeks. M. paratuberculosis was detected in 33.3% of nonfiltered specimens and 76.7% of filtered specimens (P < 0.005). Detection rates were directly correlated with the severity of disease, and the advantage of specimen concentration was greatest on fecal specimens from cattle with low-grade infections. Detection times were also correlated with infection severity: 13.4 5.9 days with smear-positive specimens, 27.9 8.7 days with feces from cows with typical subclinical infections, and 38.7 ± 3.8 days with fecal specimens from cows with low-grade infections. Use of a cocktail of vancomycin, amphotericin B, and nalidixic acid for selective suppression of nonmycobacterial contaminants was better than the commercial product PANTA (Becton Dickinson Microbiologic Systems, Towson, Md.) only when specimens contained very low numbers of M. paratuberculosis. Radiometric culture of filter-concentrated specimens generally doubled the number of positive fecal specimens detected over conventional methods, making it a useful tool for diagnosis and control of bovine paratuberculosis. Bovine paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) affects at least 2.9% of the 10.3 million dairy cattle in the United States (23) and is equally prevalent in most other countries where laboratory diagnosis of the infection is possible (34). The prevalence of paratuberculosis in some states exceeds 15% (3, 4, 41). The national economic impact has been estimated to be as high as $1.5 billion annually (12). The etiological agent, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, is among the slowest growing of the cultivable mycobacteria, normally requiring 8 to 16 weeks to produce visible colonies on conventional agar media (40). It infects the terminal ileum of most ruminants and is excreted in the feces. Control of the disease in a dairy cattle herd involves hygienic measures to avoid exposure of calves to the organism or removal of infected animals from the herd (particularly those excreting M. paratuberculosis) or both (5, 10, 20, 29, 36). Damato and Collins reported detection of M. paratuber

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The efficacy and safety of probiotics for prevention of chemoradiotherapy-induced diarrhea in people with abdominal and pelvic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang

et al. 2016

Eur J Clin Nutr

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A systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotics for prevention of chemoradiotherapy-induced diarrhea in people with abdominal and pelvic cancer. We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science up to November 2015. We also hand searched the citation lists of included studies and previously identified systematic reviews to identify further relevant trials. Odds ratio (OR) was used to compare efficacy, and the pooled OR was estimated using a random effects model; heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran's Q and the Higgins' I-test. Two reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data independently. Analysis and bias for each included study were performed using Review Manager 5.2. Nine randomized and placebo-controlled studies (N=1265 participants) were included for assessing efficacy, of which seven were about radiotherapy and two about chemotherapy. Probiotic groups were compared with control groups with respect to the the incidence of diarrhea, OR=0.47 (95% confidence interval 0.28-0.76; P=0.002). Eleven studies, including 1612 people (873 consuming probiotics and 739 not consuming probiotics), were used for the analysis of safety of probiotics. Of the 11 studies, seven studies had no adverse events (AEs) caused by probiotics, whereas four studies reported varying degrees of AEs in their treatment. Probiotics may have a beneficial effect in prevention of chemoradiotherapy-induced diarrhea generally, especially for Grade⩾2 diarrhea. Probiotics may rarely cause AEs.

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Rapid radiometric detection of mycobacterial growth from smear‐positive tissue samples from pigs

Abstract: Rapid demonstration of mycobacteria in slaughter pigs is important for medical, epidemiological and economic reasons. The Bactec radiometric system detected more mycobacteria in less time than conventional culture on solid medium.

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Mycobacterium malmoense: an easily missed pathogen

Mycobacterium malmoense: an easily missed pathogen

Enhanced radiometric detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis by using filter-concentrated bovine fecal specimens

The efficacy and safety of probiotics for prevention of chemoradiotherapy-induced diarrhea in people with abdominal and pelvic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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