Rapid prototyping of replica knee implants for in vitro testing

Verjans, Mark; Asseln, Malte; Radermacher, Klaus

doi:10.1515/cdbme-2016-0122

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Various studies on artificial bone fabrication are underway, among which research utilizing 3D printers to mimic artificial bones is actively conducted. Verjans et al proposed a method by which to fabricate artificial bones customized for patients during knee replacement surgery [9]. In the paper by Zhou et al, a replica bone was printed using a 3D printer based on the patient's CT data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape Memory Alloys Patches to Mimic Rolling, Sliding, and Spinning Movements of the Knee

Seo,

Kang,

Han

2024

Biomimetics

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Every year, almost 4 million patients received medical care for knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis involves progressive deterioration or degenerative changes in the cartilage, leading to inflammation and pain as the bones and ligaments are affected. To enhance treatment and surgical outcomes, various studies analyzing the biomechanics of the human skeletal system by fabricating simulated bones, particularly those reflecting the characteristics of patients with knee osteoarthritis, are underway. In this study, we fabricated replicated bones that mirror the bone characteristics of patients with knee osteoarthritis and developed a skeletal model that mimics the actual movement of the knee. To create patient-specific replicated bones, models were extracted from computerized tomography (CT) scans of knee osteoarthritis patients. Utilizing 3D printing technology, we replicated the femur and tibia, which bear the weight of the body and support movement, and manufactured cartilage capable of absorbing and dispersing the impact of knee joint loads using flexible polymers. Furthermore, to implement knee movement in the skeletal model, we developed artificial muscles based on shape memory alloys (SMAs) and used them to mimic the rolling, sliding, and spinning motions of knee flexion. The knee movement was investigated by changing the SMA spring’s position, the number of coils, and the applied voltage. Additionally, we developed a knee-joint-mimicking system to analyze the movement of the femur. The proposed artificial-skeletal-model-based knee-joint-mimicking system appears to be applicable for analyzing skeletal models of knee patients and developing surgical simulation equipment for artificial joint replacement surgery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape Memory Alloys Patches to Mimic Rolling, Sliding, and Spinning Movements of the Knee

Seo,

Kang,

Han

2024

Biomimetics

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“…As a result, it is necessary to develop surrogates which emulate the geometric and material characteristics of the bearing as closely as possible while still being cost effective and time efficient. Previous studies have addressed similar prototypes, evaluating the kinematic performance of replica implants [13]. However, these studies did not specifically target the performance of prototypes containing embedded sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and selection of surrogate knee implant bearings for experimental evaluation of embedded in-vivo sensors

Ponder

Safaei

Anton

2019

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is a common procedure that is gaining importance with the aging American population. Although TKR is common, about 20% of patients report being unhappy with their results. Previous research has pointed to misalignment and loosening as contributing factors to negative outcomes. What is lacking in the field of TKR is a sensory system that can determine the internal loads of the knee in a direct manner. Implant bearings embedded with piezoelectric transducers have already shown promise in providing accurate sensing data. To perform further experimentation, prototype implant bearings that can be accurately and efficiently produced are needed. This work investigates various fabrication processes and possible materials to provide a foundation for developing surrogate biomechanical implants, especially those with integrated smart sensors. In this study, an original knee bearing is scanned and the resulting geometries used to generate prototypes. The prototypes are fabricated using a variety of methods including CNC machining and additive manufacturing. The prototypes are then tested to determine load distribution, active sensor performance, as well as kinematic performance under loading. The results of this study show that FDM printing provides quick and affordable results but is not ideal for rigorous experimentation. SLA printed prototypes are improved in final quality with an increase in fabrication time. Lastly, CNC machined processes are more labor intensive but can provide the best material characteristics. The findings from this study aim to have an impact not only on researchers studying biomedical sensing, but on the field of biomechanical implants.

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