Rapid production of recombinant barley yellow mosaic virus resistant Hordeum vulgare lines by anther culture

Abstract

In a winter barley breeding program for barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) resistance, the resistant six-rowed cv. Franka was crossed to 17 susceptible and two resistant cultivars, three of which were tworowed. A total of 233,445 anthers of the 19 hybrids and their parents were cultured and 831 green plants regenerated. Anther culture responsiveness varied greatly between genotypes, and the responsiveness of F1hybrids was generally related to that of the more responsive (high) parent. On average, 3.6 green plants were recovered from 1,000 cultured anthers, almost twice as many as in comparable spring barley experiments. Androgenetic green plants were tested for their reaction to mechanical inoculation of BaYMV. In crosses of resistant parents, all the cross progeny proved to be resistant, which indicates that both parents carry identical gene(s). In the crosses of the resistant cv. Franka to susceptible parents, an average of 62% of the androgenetic progenies were resistant, which indicates that probably more than one gene is responsible for Franka's BaYMV-resistance. From the crosses of Franka to two-rowed cultivars, 282 androgenetic plants were produced. When 132 of these were tested for their reaction to BaYMV, 79 (59.8%) were resistant, and 30 of the latter were shown to be two-rowed recombinant lines. Doubled haploid lines are field-tested for other agronomic characters including grain yield and its components.

Induction of microspore embryogenesis in cultured anthers of hordeum vulgare. The effects of ammonium nitrate, glutamine and asparagine as nitrogen sources

“…Subsequently, the response in the form of embryoid formation was significantly improved by carefully controlling the growth condition of the donorplants, and orientation of the anther (12). Under optimal conditions for the winter barley variety Igri up to 0.02 green plants per plated anther has been reported (8). In this investigation a frequency of 4.6 green plants per plated anther has been achieved.…”

“…One of the few cases where this method has been successfully used in practical plant breeding is in the transfer of barley yellow mosaic virus resistance to commercial varieties as reported by FOROUGHI-WEHR et al (8).…”

“…The successful cultivation of anthers with these systems is based on disintegration of the microspores and subsequent formation of calli, from which green plants have been obtained at low frequencies, typically 0.02 green plants per plated anther in the cv. Igri (8).…”

Ontogenetic events in androgenesis of Brazilian barley genotypes

“…As described in a previous paper (Stival da Silva et al, 1997) this method has been used to produce an average of 3,5 green plants/100 plated anthers. According to Foroughi-Wehr & Friedt (1984) and Kühlmann & Foroughi-Wehr (1989) this rate of doubled haploid production enables the technique to be applied in barley breeding programs.…”

Création de variétés tolérantes au stress abiotique chez l'orge (Hordeum vulgareL.) par culture d'anthères

“…La diversité de réponse observée chez les génotypes d'orge en culture d'anthères reste une question d'actualité qui a été abordée dans la littérature (Hassawi, 2004 ;Jacquard et al, 2006). En effet, tous les travaux sur la régénération haploïde confirment cette observation ; chez l'orge, Foroughi-Wehr & Friedt (1984) ont mis en évidence une variabilité génétique de la réponse à l'androgenèse au sein d'une soixantaine d'hybrides testés. Le même genre de variation a été observé sur 23 hybrides F1 de riz (Reiffers, 1998) et sur 75 cultivars de blé tendre (Foroughi-Wehr & Friedt, 1984).…”