Rapid phenological change differs across four trophic levels over 15 years

Morse, Douglass H.

doi:10.1007/s00442-021-04938-3

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Species may also respond to the same cue but with different magnitudes, such that one species is advancing at a faster rate than another. This is often seen across trophic levels, with plants advancing faster in response to hotter temperatures than primary or secondary consumers [19,40,41]. If species with strong interactions are using different climate cues or climate cues from different seasons, this may lead to temporal mismatch as seasons are shifting at different rates with global climate change [15,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and lagged climate affects phenology across diverse taxonomic groups

et al. 2023

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The timing of life events (phenology) can be influenced by climate. Studies from around the world tell us that climate cues and species' responses can vary greatly. If variation in climate effects on phenology is strong within a single ecosystem, climate change could lead to ecological disruption, but detailed data from diverse taxa within a single ecosystem are rare. We collated first sighting and median activity within a high-elevation environment for plants, insects, birds, mammals and an amphibian across 45 years (1975–2020). We related 10 812 phenological events to climate data to determine the relative importance of climate effects on species’ phenologies. We demonstrate significant variation in climate-phenology linkage across taxa in a single ecosystem. Both current and prior climate predicted changes in phenology. Taxa responded to some cues similarly, such as snowmelt date and spring temperatures; other cues affected phenology differently. For example, prior summer precipitation had no effect on most plants, delayed first activity of some insects, but advanced activity of the amphibian, some mammals, and birds. Comparing phenological responses of taxa at a single location, we find that important cues often differ among taxa, suggesting that changes to climate may disrupt synchrony of timing among taxa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and lagged climate affects phenology across diverse taxonomic groups

et al. 2023

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“…For instance, during the autumn and winter transitions [141], Senior et al [90] reported that warmer winter temperature drives asynchronous shifts between two aphid species Drepanosiphum platanoidis (Schrank) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Periphyllus testudinaceus (Fernie) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and their associated braconid parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Similarly, the genus Alabagrus of braconid wasps (in the family Braconidae) and a primary parasitoid of the fern moth Callopistaria flooridensis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) have showed significant mismatches in emergence due to the rapid temperature increase [142]. Alford et al [143] reported that favorable warm winters have extended the activity of the parasitoid Aphidius avenae (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), which has made them increasingly susceptible to unpredictable cold events during the winter.…”

Section: Warmer Winter Effects On Host-parasitoid Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–Parasitoid Phenology, Distribution, and Biological Control under Climate Change

Ramos Aguila,

Li,

Akutse

et al. 2023

Life

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Climate change raises a serious threat to global entomofauna—the foundation of many ecosystems—by threatening species preservation and the ecosystem services they provide. Already, changes in climate—warming—are causing (i) sharp phenological mismatches among host–parasitoid systems by reducing the window of host susceptibility, leading to early emergence of either the host or its associated parasitoid and affecting mismatched species’ fitness and abundance; (ii) shifting arthropods’ expansion range towards higher altitudes, and therefore migratory pest infestations are more likely; and (iii) reducing biological control effectiveness by natural enemies, leading to potential pest outbreaks. Here, we provided an overview of the warming consequences on biodiversity and functionality of agroecosystems, highlighting the vital role that phenology plays in ecology. Also, we discussed how phenological mismatches would affect biological control efficacy, since an accurate description of stage differentiation (metamorphosis) of a pest and its associated natural enemy is crucial in order to know the exact time of the host susceptibility/suitability or stage when the parasitoids are able to optimize their parasitization or performance. Campaigns regarding landscape structure/heterogeneity, reduction of pesticides, and modelling approaches are urgently needed in order to safeguard populations of natural enemies in a future warmer world.

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“…Warmer spring temperatures may cause plant phenology to be shifted earlier disrupting the higher trophic levels. This was the case in a fern-moth-parasitoid system, where the host and parasitoid were slower at tracking this phenological shift, resulting in an increased asynchrony between the trophic levels (Morse, 2021). In the sycamore, Acer pseudoplatanus, warmer spring temperatures caused earlier budburst but delayed the emergence of aphids while parasitoid attacks were advanced (Senior et al 2020).…”

Section: Impacts Of Climate Change On Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple global change impacts on parasitism and biocontrol services in future agricultural landscapes

Monticelli

Bishop

Desneux

et al. 2021

Advances in Ecological Research

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Parasitoids are a significant mortality factor in the population dynamics of many arthropods involved in key ecological processes such as herbivore-plant and predator-prey interactions.Parasitoids are therefore widely used in biocontrol programs. Global change phenomena influence these natural and anthropocentric roles of parasitoids and here we review the effects of the main drivers and their interplay. Land use intensification modifies landscape structure and elevates agroecosystem loads of fertilizers and pesticides creating risks for parasitism and loss of biocontrol services. Climate change can affect parasitoids directly, affecting physiology and survival, or indirectly via phenological and other effects (plant chemistry, herbivore-induced plant volatiles HIPVs) on their hosts, endosymbionts and plants. Biological invasions have the potential to modify native host-parasitoid systems and elevate risk of novel pest dynamics, requiring restoration of biocontrol. The interplay between these global change drivers may thus exacerbate the overall risk to parasitism in future agricultural landscapes. To make more accurate predictions, future studies could focus on the impact of interacting global change drivers on parasitoids and the biocontrol services they provide. Moreover, host and parasitoid specificity appear to be a key driver in assessing the effects of global change on parasitoids.

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Rapid phenological change differs across four trophic levels over 15 years

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Current and lagged climate affects phenology across diverse taxonomic groups

Current and lagged climate affects phenology across diverse taxonomic groups

Host–Parasitoid Phenology, Distribution, and Biological Control under Climate Change

Multiple global change impacts on parasitism and biocontrol services in future agricultural landscapes

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