Host–Parasitoid Phenology, Distribution, and Biological Control under Climate Change
Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila,
Xu Li,
Komivi Senyo Akutse
et al.
Abstract:Climate change raises a serious threat to global entomofauna—the foundation of many ecosystems—by threatening species preservation and the ecosystem services they provide. Already, changes in climate—warming—are causing (i) sharp phenological mismatches among host–parasitoid systems by reducing the window of host susceptibility, leading to early emergence of either the host or its associated parasitoid and affecting mismatched species’ fitness and abundance; (ii) shifting arthropods’ expansion range towards hi… Show more
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