Rapid optimization of a lactate biosensor design using soft probes scanning electrochemical microscopy

Pribil, Medeya M.; Cortés‐Salazar, Fernando; Andreyev, Egor A.; Lesch, Andreas; Karyakina, Elena E.; Voronin, Oleg G.; Karyakin, Arkady A.

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.08.014

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…[71] Surface coverage can also be deduced from STM images, as was done for Achromobacter xylosoxidans nitrite reductase (Ax NiR) [72] or Escherichia coli cytochrome c nitrite reductase (Ec cyt.c NiR). [73] In situ STM image of Ec cyt.c NiR immobilized on Au (111) showed that the density of enzymes was below the monolayer coverage: 0.5 � 0.1 pmol cm À 2 , which agreed with the fact that it could not be detected in cyclic voltammetry. This coverage estimation enabled further calculation of kinetic constants.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Enzyme Coveragementioning

confidence: 67%

“…To avoid topographic artifacts, imaging was moreover performed in contact mode with a soft probe. Soft microelectrodes indeed enable contact scanning at constant distance, without risk of damaging the sample or the tip . More recently, the detection of local hydrogen evolution by a hybrid biocatalyst based on PSI and platinum nanoparticles immobilized in a redox polymer on a gold electrode has been performed by scanning photo‐electrochemical microscopy using a hydrogenase‐modified microelectrode.…”

Section: Imaging Of Local Redox Activity/mapping Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soft microelectrodes indeed enable contact scanning at constant distance, without risk of damaging the sample or the tip. [111] More recently, the detection of local hydrogen evolution by a hybrid biocatalyst based on PSI and platinum nanoparticles immobilized in a redox polymer on a gold electrode has been performed by scanning photo-electrochemical microscopy using a hydrogenase-modified microelectrode. Briefly, a mixture of hydrogenase and viologen-modified redox polymer was immobilized at a carbon microelectrode inserted in a glass capillary, which upon scanning ensured both the local illumination of the sample and the local detection of H 2 (Figure 8).…”

Section: Secm In Gc Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The T1 Cu acts as an electron relay, while the T2 Cu center is the place of catalytic NO 2 À reduction. Ax NiR was immobilized on Au (111) and studied by in situ STM at the SM level during catalytic action. Molecular scale contrast was observed only in presence of nitrite.…”

Section: Stmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro‐ and Nanoscopic Imaging of Enzymatic Electrodes: A Review

2019

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Redox enzymes, which catalyze electron transfer reactions in living organisms, can be used as selective and sensitive bioreceptors in biosensors, or as efficient catalysts in biofuel cells. In these bioelectrochemical devices, the enzymes are immobilized at a conductive surface, the electrode, with which they must be able to exchange electrons. Different physicochemical methods have been coupled to electrochemistry to characterize the enzyme‐modified electrochemical interface. In this Review, we summarize most efforts performed to investigate the enzymatic electrodes at the micro‐ and even nanoscale, thanks to microscopy techniques. Contrary to electrochemistry, which gives only a global information about all processes occurring at the electrode surface, microscopy offers a spatial resolution. Several techniques have been implemented; mostly scanning probe microscopies like atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and scanning electrochemical microscopy, but also scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. These studies demonstrate that various information can be obtained thanks to microscopy at different scales. Electrode imaging has been performed to confirm the presence of enzymes, to quantify and localize the biomolecules, but also to evaluate the morphology of immobilized enzymes, their possible conformation changes upon turnover, and their orientation at the electrode surface. Local redox activity has also been imaged and kinetics has been resolved.

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Section: Characterization Of the Enzyme Coveragementioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Imaging Of Local Redox Activity/mapping Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secm In Gc Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro‐ and Nanoscopic Imaging of Enzymatic Electrodes: A Review

2019

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“…The principle has been demonstrated first for a soft carbon microelectrode probe (the so-called Soft Stylus Probe) to scan rough and tilted substrates without obtaining topographic artifacts. [1,2] Initially, the probe fabrication was carried out by UV laser ablation on a thin polyethylene terephthalate film to form a microchannel that was filled subsequently with a conductive carbon paste and sealed with an insulating covering layer. Later, other microfabrication techniques such as aerosol jet printing, [3] inkjet printing, Parylene coating of Pt wires [4] and sealing Pt wires in glass sheaths [5] have increased the versatility of the newly designed probes and applications for soft SECM contact mode imaging.…”

Section: Scanning Electrochemical Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Chemistry at the Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique

Bondarenko

Cortés‐Salazar

Gasilova

et al. 2015

Chimia

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The Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique (LEPA) has moved to the new Energypolis campus in Sion. This laboratory is involved in energy research in particular by studying charge transfer reactions at soft interfaces and developing interfacial redox electrocatalysis, by pioneering the concept of photo-ionic cells and by integrating redox flow batteries for the production of hydrogen at the pilot scale. Nonetheless, this laboratory has a long tradition in analytical chemistry with the development of microfabrication techniques such as laser photo-ablation, screen-printing and more recently inkjet printing for the design and fabrication of biosensors and immunosensors. As shown in the present review, the laboratory has recently pioneered new technologies for electrochemical and mass spectrometry imaging and for the screening of allergy in patients. The role of the laboratory in the Valais landscape will be to foster the collaboration with the HES to develop teaching and research in analytical chemistry as this field is a major source of employment for chemists.

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Electrochemical Biosensor Powered by Pre‐concentration: Improved Sensitivity and Selectivity towards Lactate

et al. 2016

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1IntroductionNon-invasived iagnostics( excludingn ot only blood probing, but even skin damage) becomes more and more importantn owadays [1][2][3][4].E xhaled breath condensate (EBC) is the non-invasively collected excretory liquid of high diagnostic potential [5][6][7][8].H owever, metabolite concentration in excretoryl iquids is usually much less than in blood, dictating as earch fore xpressa nalyticalt ools with improved sensitivity.Lactate is amongt he most important compounds for clinicald iagnostics being am arker for glycolysis,a naerobic metabolism,w hich causes death of tissues.S port medicine requires monitoring of lactate for training as well for evaluatingo ft he so-called "lactate threshold" [9][10][11] indicating physical trainingl evel of as portsman. Being ap roducto ff ermentation [12],l actate can be useda s am arker for naturalness of food products. It is not surprising that the lactate sensitive electrode was amongt he first biosensors elaborated [ 13].S ince that time an umber of lactate biosensors were reported [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] including the most recent and advantageous ones based on Prussian Blue modified electrodes [21][22][23].H owever,t he lower detection limits of the reported systemsa re alwaysa bove 1 mM, whereas metabolite content in excreted liquidsc an be lower, knowing that theird ilution factorv ersusb lood can reach the value of 1000, and the blood lactate content is in the range from 0.5 to 2.0 mM.Pre-concentrationi sapowerful tool providing after combination with ac ertain detectionp rinciple the significantly decreased lower detection limit. In addition, preconcentrationi sasimple technique allowing sample separation from different interferingc ompounds thus improving selectivity of analysis [24].with pre-concentration which are advantageous over con-ventionalF IA combined with as imilar biosensor are:( i) the 50 times improved sensitivity (7.0 Acm À2 M À1 )a nd (ii) the calibration range shifted by almost two orders of magnitude towards lower analyte concentrations.T he developed FIA system was tested for lactate detection in exhaled breath condensate samples collected from pulmonary patients and sportsmen.

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Rapid optimization of a lactate biosensor design using soft probes scanning electrochemical microscopy

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Micro‐ and Nanoscopic Imaging of Enzymatic Electrodes: A Review

Micro‐ and Nanoscopic Imaging of Enzymatic Electrodes: A Review

Analytical Chemistry at the Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique

Electrochemical Biosensor Powered by Pre‐concentration: Improved Sensitivity and Selectivity towards Lactate

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