Rapid on-site detection of paraquat in biologic fluids by iodide-facilitated pinhole shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

An on-site direct detection method for paraquat in biologic fluids was developed on the basis of iodidefacilitated pinhole shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. A full removal of matrix interference on the nanoparticle surface from the complicated biologic samples, and a selective attraction of paraquat to "hotspot" via a highly electrostatic adsorption on the iodide-modified nanoparticle surface are accomplished in this method. Four distinguished characteristics were provided as (1) high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 1 mg L À1 for paraquat; (2) free of pretreatment with a direct measurement in plasma or urine finished within 1 minute; (3) on-site detection using a portable Raman spectrometer; and (4) high antifouling stability during measurement with the pinhole shellisolated nanoparticle structure. This method was further showed its great clinical diagnosis applicability on a rapid, accurate detection of the plasma and urine samples from a paraquat poisoned patient. Fig. 5 SERS spectra of the urine (a) and plasma (b) of the paraquat poisoned patient and of saline solution (c). Both urine and plasma samples were diluted 100 times by saline solution.This journal is

Rapid and sensitive detection of pesticide residues using dynamic surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy

“…The SERS spectral features of paraquat, thiabendazole, tricyclazole, and isocarbophos are figured out, and the band assignments for major characteristic peaks are listed in Table . Specifically, the major four characteristic peaks of paraquat at wavenumber of 840 cm −1 , 1,191 cm −1 , 1,295 cm −1 , and 1,646 cm −1 are assigned to the vibrations of C‐N stretching, C=C deformation, C‐C deformation, and C=N stretching, respectively . In the case of thiabendazole, the prominent peaks at wavenumber of 1,575 cm −1 , 1,010 cm −1 , 1,279 cm −1 , and 1,575 cm −1 arise from the complex skeletal vibration modes, and the detailed assignments are demonstrated in Table .…”

On‐site detection of succinylcholine in biomedical matrix by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy

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Point-of-care testing in the early diagnosis of acute pesticide intoxication: The example of paraquat

“…We too wish to focus on speed, cost, sensitivity, and specificity but are particularly interested in doing so while providing greater portability. Among the advances made and reported in the literature, Zhu et al 86 have developed a portable Raman spectrometer for on-site PQ poisoning diagnosis, and Kuan and his colleagues 87 have proposed a fast and portable paper-based PQ diagnostic device. In a novel development, Chen et al 12 applied machine learning, in a manner similar to a support vector machine (SVM), to PQ diagnosis.…”

“…90 Moreover, SERS is a speedy detection tool capable of completing single trials within seconds. 86,91 For the past few years, SERS has been adopted in various areas, from forensic science 92,93 and art analysis 94,95 to geoscience, 96 biomedical applications, [97][98][99] and PQ detection. [100][101][102][103] By applying SERS, Gao et al 100 and Tang et al 101 achieved a PQ limit of detection (LOD) in a water sample of below 2 Â 10 À9 M and 0.1 mg/l, respectively.…”

“…Even though SERS demonstrates extreme sensitivity to PQ in aqueous samples with LOD as low as 2 lg l À1 in the case of 100 mM NaCl as an aggregation reagent, 86 the practical use of SERS as a PQ poisoning diagnostic tool will require overcoming several obstacles. First, its ponderous size hinders it from being a first-choice, on-site detection tool.…”