Point-of-care testing in the early diagnosis of acute pesticide intoxication: The example of paraquat

Abstract

Acute pesticide intoxication is a common method of suicide globally. This article reviews current diagnostic methods and makes suggestions for future development. In the case of paraquat intoxication, it is characterized by multi-organ failure, causing substantial mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis may save the life of a paraquat intoxication patient. Conventional paraquat intoxication diagnostic methods, such as symptom review and urine sodium dithionite assay, are time-consuming and impractical in resource-scarce areas where most intoxication cases occur. Several experimental and clinical studies have shown the potential of portable Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), paper-based devices, and machine learning for paraquat intoxication diagnosis. Portable SERS and new SERS substrates maintain the sensitivity of SERS while being less costly and more convenient than conventional SERS. Paper-based devices provide the advantages of price and portability. Machine learning algorithms can be implemented as a mobile phone application and facilitate diagnosis in resource-limited areas. Although these methods have not yet met all features of an ideal diagnostic method, the combination and development of these methods offer much promise.

Sowing kernels for food safety: Importance of rapid on‐site detction of pesticide residues in agricultural foods

“…The use of a smartphone-assisted sensing platform is a more desirable strategy to accomplish authentic on-site results in the field (Lu et al, 2019;Ma et al, 2022;Rateni et al, 2017). Additionally, smartphones are used as alternative power sources, owing to their persistent existence in modern technological for ensuring food safety (Kalyani et al, 2020;Lu et al, 2019;Mali et al, 2022;Meenu et al, 2021;Sohrabi et al, 2021;Umapathi et al, 2021;Umapathi, Ghoreishian, et al, 2022;Umapathi, Park, et al, 2022;Visciano & Schirone, 2020;Wei et al, 2018;.…”

“…These sensors are based on various principles, such as colorimetric, electrochemical, magnetic, and optical properties (J. R. Choi et al, 2019;Lu et al, 2019;Meijer et al, 2021;Sohrabi et al, 2021;Umapathi et al, 2021;Umapathi, Ghoreishian, et al, 2022;Umapathi, Park, et al, 2022;Visciano & Schirone, 2020). The introduction of nanoscience and nanotechnology to portable devices will help researchers to promote the design of advanced and novel portable sensing methodolo- (Cassedy et al, 2020;Deng et al, 2018;Duan et al, 2022;Kalyani et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2022;Rateni et al, 2017;Roy et al, 2022;Umapathi et al, 2021;Umapathi, Ghoreishian, et al, 2022;Umapathi, Park, et al, 2022;Wei et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2017).…”

Outcomes of elderly patients with organophosphate intoxication

“…According to the National Development Council of Taiwan 22 , Taiwan shall become a super-aged society in which at least 20% of the population is 65 or older by 2026. Acute pesticide intoxication is a common method of suicide globally 23 . Elderly people are a sensitive group in terms of pesticide intoxication because many farm workers are elderly people rather than young people.…”

Mechanistic Investigation of Xuebijing for Treatment of Paraquat-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology

“…XBJ can scavenge oxygen free radicals, protect vascular endothelium, and act as an anti-inflammatory mediator and antagonistic endotoxin. It has been widely used in the treatment of patients with infection and severe poisoning, where it reduces the ultrastructural damage of lung tissue and prevents pulmonary fibrosis. − XBJ also reduces the risk of death in patients with acute PQ poisoning by improving vital organ function and prolonging survival . Presently, XBJ is recommended by the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China to treat 2019-novel coronavirus-related pneumonia .…”