Rapid nutrient leaching to groundwater and surface water in clay soil areas

Impacts of climate and land-use changes on the migration of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus during rainfall-runoff in the Jialing River Watershed, China

“…The interflow contribution to nitrogen migration is in the range of 85-93% with an average of 88%, while the contribution from sediment is 8%, and the contribution from surface runoff is 4%, these nitrogen loss results are consistent with a large number of foreign studies (Fig. 9b) (Hubbard and Sheridan 1983;Bronswijk and Hamminga, 1995;Pionke et al, 2000); the interflow contribution to the transport of phosphorus is 8%, but the form is water-soluble state, the contribution of surface runoff is 14%, the highest contribution, with a value of 78%, is from sediment (Fig. 9c).…”

An Image-Based Method for Determining Bulk Density and the Soil Shrinkage Curve

“…These soils have been observed to seasonally affect and be affected by the hydrology of entire basins (Harvey, 1971 ;Lindenmaier et al, 2006) and are known to strongly influence the transport of water (e.g.. Messing and Jarvis, 1990;Grève et al, 2010) and solutes (e.g., Harris et al, 1994;Bronswijk et al, 1995;Weaver et al, 2005). The most common methods to describe the shrinkage behavior of such soils are based on laboratory atialysis of individual soil clods or cores.…”

Monitoring the transition from preferential to matrix flow in cracking clay soil through changes in electrical anisotropy

“…While their high nutrient content and water holding capacity make them highly productive soils, their susceptibility for preferential flow creates challenges for agricultural management of water and solutes. Preferential flow can quickly transport nutrients and pesticides through the unsaturated zone and bypass the soils capacity for storage, adsorption and transformation of potential pollutants before these reach surface or ground waters (Bronswijk et al, 1995;Jaynes et al, 2001).…”