Rapid microwave sintering of carbon nanotube-filled AZ61 magnesium alloy composites

Akinwekomi, Akeem Damilola; Law, Wing Cheung; Tang, Chak Yin; Chen, Ling; Tsui, Chi Pong

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.03.041

Cited by 65 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The microwave sintering process showed appealing results for the densification, 1-8 synthesis, 9 assembling, 10 annealing 11 of various materials and for the achievement of enhanced materials properties. [12][13][14] A wide range of ceramic, [15][16][17][18] metallic, [19][20][21][22][23][24] polymeric, 25,26 composite 27,28 material systems have been successfully fabricated by this technology. Compared to the conventional sintering (utilizing a convective indirect heating [29][30][31] pattern), a volume and direct microwave heating 1,3 of the sample is applicable with potentially high heating rates 32 of about 100 K/min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO₂

2017

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Direct and hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO2 are comparatively studied at frequency of 2.45 GHz. Using the continuum theory of sintering, a fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical (EMTM) finite element simulation is carried out to predict powder samples deformation during their microwave processing. Direct and hybrid heating configurations are computationally tested using advanced heat transfer simulation tools including the surface to surface thermal radiation boundary conditions and a numeric proportional‐integral‐derivative regulation (PID). The developed modeling framework shows a good agreement of the calculation results with the known experimental data on the microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO2 in terms of the densification kinetics. It is shown that the direct heating configuration renders highly hot spot effects resulting in nonhomogenous densification causing processed specimen's final shape distortions. Compared with the direct heating, the hybrid heating configuration provides a reduction of the thermal inhomogeneity along with a densification homogenization. As a result of the hybrid heating, the total densification of the specimen is attained without specimen distortions. It is also shown that the reduction of the sample size has a stabilization effect on the temperature and relative density spatial distributions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO₂

2017

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“…The maximum microhardness and bending strength were obtained at about 20 min of microwave sintering. As the sintering through microwave processing can generate the finer structure, the grain boundaries increase in the structure; accordingly, they restrict dislocation movements and lead to increase in the hardness and bending strength [40]. The finer structure can be observed through FESEM micrographs of nanocomposite at 20 min rather than 10 min (Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Microwave Sintering Time and Cnt Contentmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Akeem et al have presented a significant increase in hardness and compressive strength of CNT reinforcement for AZ61 Magnesium Alloys [40]. For better clarification, this work presents the results of mechanical and electrical properties of Cu-CNT composites sintered by microwave technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical and mechanical properties of Cu-CNT nanocomposites sintered by microwave technique

Darabi

Rajabi

2018

Metall Mater Eng

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In this research, multiwall carbon nanotubes were dispersed in a copper matrix using a planetary ball mill. The mixed powders were compacted using a uniaxial hydraulic presser. A novel method of microwave sintering was applied to consolidate Cu-CNT nanocomposites Conventional sintering method was also used to sinter samples to investigate the effects of applied methods on the properties of the sample. Sintering time was reduced to 20 min using microwave sintering method. The morphology and phase analysis of nanocomposites were studied by FESEM and XRD. The physical and mechanical properties of Cu-CNT nanocomposites were characterized using electrical conductivity, bending strength, and micro-hardness. The results show that the mechanical properties of Cu-CNT nanocomposites are improved significantly by microwave route. The optimum hardness and bending strength were obtained for 4 vol. % CNT as an optimum amount of reinforcement.

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“…MW sintering is a rapid sintering process where heating occurs due to the interaction between electromagnetic waves and the dipoles in a material. This heating process is rapid and significantly reduces energy consumption and processing time [7, 8]. As a result, MW sintering can minimize unwanted interfacial reactions between FA particles and the matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural characterisation and corrosion behaviour of microwave-sintered magnesium alloy AZ61/fly ash microspheres syntactic foams

Akinwekomi

2019

Heliyon

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Magnesium alloy AZ61/fly ash microspheres (FAMs) syntactic composite foams were synthesised via powder metallurgy and microwave (MW) sintering techniques. MW sintering was rapidly completed in 20 min and minimized the formation of brittle interfacial products. Effect of FAMs on the density, microstructure, and corrosion resistance of the alloy were investigated. FAMs were intact and fairly distributed in the microstructure of the foams. Corrosion behaviour in 3 wt.% sodium chloride solution showed that Tafel polarization curves shifted to lower current densities as the volume fraction of FAMs increased. This indicated that FAMs generally enhanced the corrosion resistance of the foams due to minimal galvanic interaction and reduction in the surface area of the material exposed to the corrosion medium. These results are significant and outline the enhancement of corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy AZ61 foams by using FAMs.

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Rapid microwave sintering of carbon nanotube-filled AZ61 magnesium alloy composites

Cited by 65 publications

References 42 publications

Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO₂

Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO₂

Electrical and mechanical properties of Cu-CNT nanocomposites sintered by microwave technique

Microstructural characterisation and corrosion behaviour of microwave-sintered magnesium alloy AZ61/fly ash microspheres syntactic foams

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Rapid microwave sintering of carbon nanotube-filled AZ61 magnesium alloy composites

Cited by 65 publications

References 42 publications

Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO2

Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO2

Electrical and mechanical properties of Cu-CNT nanocomposites sintered by microwave technique

Microstructural characterisation and corrosion behaviour of microwave-sintered magnesium alloy AZ61/fly ash microspheres syntactic foams

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Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO₂

Fully coupled electromagnetic‐thermal‐mechanical comparative simulation of direct vs hybrid microwave sintering of 3Y‐ZrO₂