Rapid, label‐free identification of cerebellar structures using multiphoton microscopy

Abstract

The cerebellum is the prominent laminar structure of the mammalian brain that has been implicated in various psychiatric and neurological diseases. Although clinical brain imaging techniques have provided precise anatomic images of cerebellar structures, a definitive diagnosis still requires adequate resolution to identify individual layers in cerebellar cortex, the extent of tumor, even requires the histological tissue examination during surgical procedures. In this study, multiphoton microscopy (MPM), based on second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), was perform on the rat cerebellar structures and pathology with the combination of image analysis methods. Results show that MPM can reveal the cerebellar vermis, hemispheres, medulla, and ventricle, as well as axon bundles, Purkinje cells, capillaries, and the pia mater of the cerebellum. Together with custom-developed image processing algorithms, MPM could further differentiate between the gray and white matter, as well as evaluate the Purkinje cell layer, identify the cerebellar tumor boundary, and distinguish between the tumor core and peritumor regions. Our results establish a direct visualization and rapid assessment approach for the cerebellar structures, as well as suggest the feasibility of in vivo multiphoton microendoscopes and fiberscopes as clinical tools for neuropathological diagnoses.

Quantification of Collagen Organization after Nerve Repair

“…SHG does not require staining or application of an antibody or fluorescent label, and can be used in vivo. 33 , 34 With further development of deep imaging approaches like adaptive optics, 35 different SHG instrument form factors, 36 , 37 and SHG endoscopy, 38 there is potential for eventual transition to clinical application. 7 …”

A method for rapid detection and genotype identification of hepatitis C virus 1–6 by one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification

“…19-25 41 Several reports have been published regarding RT-LAMP assays 42 that have utilized the HCV 5 0 non-coding region (5 0 -NCR) for 43 primer design and the detection of HCV-RNA. [22][23][24][25] Unfortunately, 44 these works have been limited to detection only and have 45 demonstrated no pattern formation of the bands, thereby 46…”

“…These results are in agreement with previously 331 published reports of (RT)-LAMP sensitivity and specificity. 21,24,28 332 This work utilized the 5 0 -NCR of the HCV genome for primer 333 design due to its conserved nature across HCV genotypes, thus 334 facilitating the detection of all HCV genotypes tested. This work also 335 exploited the sparse nucleotide polymorphism present within the 336 HCV 5 0 -NCR for genotype identification, as revealed by the 337 electrophoretic differences in banding patterns of the detected 338 targets ( Figure 1C).…”

Biophotonics in China

“…Shu Wang et al. from Fujian Normal University introduced a rapid, label‐free method for identification of cerebellar structures using multiphoton microscopy . Dandan Li et al.…”