Rapid inexpensive assay method for verapamil by spectrophotometric sequential injection analysis

Abstract

Sequential injection analysis (SIA) technique with a miniaturized fibre optic spectrophotometry was exploited to optimize and validate a new method for the assay of verapamil in pharmaceutical formulations. The reduction of acidified permanganate by verapamil was spectrophotometrically detected at 546 nm. The 2(3) full-factorial design was adopted for screening the effect of conditions controlling the proposed method, and accordingly for the purpose of optimization. The remarkable advantages of the method are high rapidity (sample frequency was 10.6 samples/h), saving in reagents and sample (total consumed volume was 190 µl) and better safety for the environment (total waste production volume was 2140 µl). Additionally, the method was selective in the presence of excipients usually found in tablet and injection formulations. The average of recovery in synthetic samples as well as dosage forms was 98.8-103.0%. The obtained results were realized by the British Pharmacopoeia method and comparable results were obtained.

Comparative Analysis of Metal Nanoparticles Synthesized From Hibiscus Rosa Sinesis and Their Antibacterial Activity Estimation Against Nine Pathogenic Bacteria

“…The individual physical, chemical, and photo properties of AuNPs can be utilized innovative ways to control the transport of pharmaceutical compounds and control [27,28]. The colloidal Au is prepared by citrate reduction method [29]. Synthetic AuNPs are of different structure [30] involving Au nanorods [31,32], spherical structure of Zn NPs [33] silica-Au nanoshells [34] and hollow AuNPs [35].…”

Facile assay method for norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin by sequential injection chromatography

“…Because it is the most effective condition on separation efficiency, the composition of mobile phase was optimized using the factorial design approach [37][38][39][40][41][42]. To simplify the matrix of a factorial design, it is desirable to minimize conditions as possible [37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

“…To simplify the matrix of a factorial design, it is desirable to minimize conditions as possible [37][38][39][40][41][42]. Based on a previous study [18], water-acetonitrile-triethylamine (30/70/0.3, v/v/v at pH 3.3) recorded primarily acceptable separation, but not sufficient.…”

“…The resolution, retention time, and peak height were determined (Table I). The main and the interaction effect factors of the examined conditions on the adopted responses were calculated [37][38][39][40][41][42]. The obtained results are depicted in Fig.…”

Portable system of programmable syringe pump with potentiometer for determination of promethazine in pharmaceutical applications

“…Recently, flow injection analysis, combined with different detectors including spectrophotometry, chemiluminescence, spectroelectroanalysis and turbidimetry, have been extensively studied for the assay of promethazine hydrochloride and other drugs in pharmaceutical products (Rama et al, 2004;Abulkibash et al, 2000;Chen et al, 1991;Daniel and Gutz, 2003;Calatayud et al, 1992;Idris et al, 2011;Saleh and Abulkibash, 2007). Many of the mentioned methods have disadvantages of being either indirect, lengthy, with narrow linearity or employing conventional spectrophotometric techniques.…”