Rapid Identification of Penicillin and Macrolide Resistance Genes and Simultaneous Quantification of
            <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>
            in Purulent Sputum Samples by Use of a Novel Real-Time Multiplex PCR Assay

Fukushima, Kazuko Y.; Yanagihara, Katsunori; Hirakata, Yoichi; Sugahara, Kazuyuki; Morinaga, Yoshitomo; Kohno, Shigeru; Kamihira, Shimeru

doi:10.1128/jcm.00051-08

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Such percentages are higher than those among healthy children in Western countries, which range between 5.9% and 59.8% [14,19,30,33]. The percentage of clinical isolates with the mefA and/or ermB gene(s) was also high in our results (71.3% (112/157)) as well as in previous surveys in Japan (72.0-87.4%) [26,36,38,40,42]. This phenomenon may be attributable to the prevalent use of macrolides for the treatment of chronic sinusitis and lower respiratory diseases in Japan.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The percentage of isolates of erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae was 69.4% (109/157) in our study and has been reported to be 72.0-81.0% among patients with community-acquired infections in Japan [26,38,41,42]. Such percentages are higher than those among healthy children in Western countries, which range between 5.9% and 59.8% [14,19,30,33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in Japanese children attending day-care centers

Hashida¹,

Shiomori²,

Hohchi³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in Japanese children attending day-care centers

Hashida¹,

Shiomori²,

Hohchi³

et al. 2011

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…Knowledge of the molecular determinants of resistance to a number of antibiotics has also led to the development of a variety of molecular assays to detect the presence of resistance genes in pneumococcal isolates and also directly from clinical specimens (40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46). The majority of these assays are solely PCR based (40)(41)(42)(43), although sequencing approaches and microarrays have also been used (45,46). Several recent studies have also compared phenotypic drug susceptibility testing results with predictions based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for a variety of bacterial pathogens (47), including S. pneumoniae (48,49).…”

Section: Detection Of Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and Epidemiological Features of Antibiotic-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pre- and Post-Conjugate Vaccine Eras: a United States Perspective

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYStreptococcus pneumoniaeinflicts a huge disease burden as the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis. Soon after mainstream antibiotic usage, multiresistant pneumococcal clones emerged and disseminated worldwide. Resistant clones are generated through adaptation to antibiotic pressures imposed while naturally residing within the human upper respiratory tract. Here, a huge array of related commensal streptococcal strains transfers core genomic and accessory resistance determinants to the highly transformable pneumococcus. β-Lactam resistance is the hallmark of pneumococcal adaptability, requiring multiple independent recombination events that are traceable to nonpneumococcal origins and stably perpetuated in multiresistant clonal complexes. Pneumococcal strains with elevated MICs of β-lactams are most often resistant to additional antibiotics. Basic underlying mechanisms of most pneumococcal resistances have been identified, although new insights that increase our understanding are continually provided. Although all pneumococcal infections can be successfully treated with antibiotics, the available choices are limited for some strains. Invasive pneumococcal disease data compiled during 1998 to 2013 through the population-based Active Bacterial Core surveillance program (U.S. population base of 30,600,000) demonstrate that targeting prevalent capsular serotypes with conjugate vaccines (7-valent and 13-valent vaccines implemented in 2000 and 2010, respectively) is extremely effective in reducing resistant infections. Nonetheless, resistant non-vaccine-serotype clones continue to emerge and expand.

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“…The lytA, pbp1a, pbp2b, pbp2x, ermB and mefA genes (Table 1) were amplified by PCR (Figure 1). The optimal PCR condition for a 50 µl reaction included 1X PCR buffer, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.2 mM dNTP mix, 2 U Taq Polymerase (Fermentase), 20 pmol of each primer (Table 1) and 10 µl of DNA templates (Fukushima et al, 2008).…”

Section: Conventional Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-drug resistance and molecular pattern of erythromycin and penicillin resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae

Kargar

Baghernejad²,

Ghorbani-Dalini³

et al. 2012

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The appearance and dissemination of penicillin resistant and macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains has caused increasing concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to survey drug resistance and genetic characteristics of macrolide and penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae. This is a cross-sectional study, which was carried out on 70 samples suspected to be S. pneumoniae isolated from patients who were admitted in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of southwest of Iran, in 2010 and 2011. At first, suspected colonies were identified by phenotypic and chemical tests. The isolates were confirmed as S. pneumoniae based on the presence of lytA gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated according to Standard Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of erythromycin and penicillin were determined by the E-test method. Molecular analyses of macrolide and penicillin resistance were carried out by using specific primers for detection of the resistance gene including erm(B), mef(A), pbp1a, pbp2b and pbp2x genes. The lytA gene was detected in 50 samples. There was prevalence of resistant strains to erythromycin (56%), penicillin (40%), ampicillin (56%), cefotaxime (50%), tetracycline (10%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (48%), nalidixic acid (16%), clarithromycin (48%), azithromycin (44%) and levofloxacin (4%). All strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, amikacin, streptomycin and gentamicin. Gene analysis showed that 29 strains (58%) had mef(A) gene, and 24 strains (48%) had the erm(B) gene. Out of all the penicillin resistance and intermediate strains, 6 (20%) and 1 (3.33%) strains harbor mutations in pbp1a and pbp2x genes, respectively, but pbp2b was not identified in any sample. Resistance to penicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clarithromycin and azithromycin in S. pneumoniae is a serious problem in this area and the local pattern of resistance/susceptibility must be considered for therapeutic regimens. The mef(A) gene was a predominant mechanism of macrolide resistance in this area. With regards to low frequency of pbps resistance genes, monitoring of other kinds of mechanisms is recommended.

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Rapid Identification of Penicillin and Macrolide Resistance Genes and Simultaneous Quantification of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Purulent Sputum Samples by Use of a Novel Real-Time Multiplex PCR Assay

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in Japanese children attending day-care centers

Nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in Japanese children attending day-care centers

Biological and Epidemiological Features of Antibiotic-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pre- and Post-Conjugate Vaccine Eras: a United States Perspective

Multi-drug resistance and molecular pattern of erythromycin and penicillin resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae

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