Rapid eye movement sleep and neuronal development

Wolfe, Kathy; Ralls, Frank M.

doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000622

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, the association between REM activity and developmental outcomes has been reported in premature infants at 6 months of age 24 . REM sleep plays an important role in neurological development through synaptogenesis and pruning 25 , 26 . Therefore, low REM activity during the fetal period may affect development after birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of fetal eye movement density with sleeping and developmental problems in 1.5-year-old infants

Nakahara

Morokuma

Maehara

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Eye movement density (EMD) is an evaluation index of rapid eye movements observed during sleep. This study aimed to investigate the association of fetal EMD with sleeping and developmental problems in infancy. We observed 60 normal singleton pregnancies (gestational age 28–37 weeks) using ultrasonography for 1 h. Fetal eye movements were counted, and EMD was calculated. Participants answered questionnaires regarding their child’s sleep and development 1.5 years after their delivery. The outcomes of an infant’s sleep were night awakening (yes or no), bedtime (before or after 22:00), and nighttime sleep duration (< 9 or ≥ 9 h). An infant’s development was evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) T-score. We found that decreased fetal EMD was associated with increased night awakening at the age of 1.5 years (odds ratio 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.69–1.00 per unit decrease in EMD). However, fetal EMD was not associated with bedtime or nighttime sleep duration. In addition, fetal EMD was independently associated with the total problems T-score of the CBCL at the age of 1.5 years in the multivariate model (p = 0.047). In conclusion, fetal EMD may be associated with sleep and developmental problems in infants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of fetal eye movement density with sleeping and developmental problems in 1.5-year-old infants

Nakahara

Morokuma

Maehara

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…This is biologically interesting, since the sleep patterns of younger versus older infants differ markedly. Younger infants spend 50% of the total sleep time in REM sleep, while infants aged 8 or 9 months spend 20%‐25% in REM 16 . REM sleep is considered a state of autonomic instability, 17,18 and neurons involved in the control of REM sleep are tightly linked to arousal networks and autonomic control 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Younger infants spend 50% of the total sleep time in REM sleep, while infants aged 8 or 9 months spend 20%-25% in REM. 16 REM sleep is considered a state of autonomic instability, 17,18 and neurons involved in the control of REM sleep are tightly linked to arousal networks and autonomic control. 19 Thus, a vulnerable child is more likely to succumb to SUID during REM sleep if these mechanisms are disturbed.…”

Section: F I G U R E 1 Distribution Of Time Of Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian variation in sudden unexpected infant death in the United States

Anderson¹,

Allen

Ramirez

et al. 2020

Acta Paediatrica

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Aim To determine which factors are associated with sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) by time of day. Methods Data were analysed from the National Fatality Review Case Reporting System (2006‐2015). Out of 20 005 SUID deaths in 37 states, 12 191 (60.9%) deaths had a recorded nearest hour of discovery of the infant. We compared distribution patterns between time of death and 118 variables to determine which were significantly correlated with SUID time of death using advanced statistical modelling techniques. Results The 12‐hour time periods that were most different were 10:00 to 21:00 (daytime) and 22:00 to 09:00 (nighttime). The main features that were associated with nighttime SUID were bed sharing, younger infants, non‐white infants, placed supine to sleep and found supine, and caregiver was the parent. Daytime SUID was associated with older infants, day care, white infants, sleeping in an adult bed and prone sleep position. Factors not associated with time of death were sex of the infant, smoking and breastfeeding. Conclusion Sudden unexpected infant death deaths that occur at night are associated with a separate set of risk factors compared to deaths that occur during the day. However, to minimise risk, it is important to practice safe sleep guidelines during both nighttime and daytime sleep.

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“…A number of studies, including a review by Wolfe, 4 addressed the importance of active sleep in infants. However, most studies assessed late infancy after 6 months but rarely early infancy before 6 months except at the foetal, preterm, and neonate stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not sleeping soundly in early infancy is not bad

et al. 2022

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Very young infants spend most of their time sleeping 1 before circadian sleep rhythms emerge over the following few months. Neonates sleep for 50% of the day, but by 12 months, this has dropped to 25%. 2,3 Another significant feature of sleep in infants is the dominance of active sleep, the precursor of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.A number of studies, including a review by Wolfe, 4 addressed the importance of active sleep in infants. However, most studies assessed late infancy after 6 months but rarely early infancy before 6 months except at the foetal, preterm, and neonate stages. Naruse et al. 5 examined the relationship between sleep and sensory motor development at 3, 4, and 6 months. They found that short sleep episodes at night related to high sensory motor development scores at 3 and 4 months but not at 6 months. These findings suggested that sleep/wake patterns in early infancy may be different from those in late infancy. It may be consistent for brain development to concentrate on the accumulation of neuronal connections occurring during active sleep in early infancy. Later on in late infancy,

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Rapid eye movement sleep and neuronal development

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Association of fetal eye movement density with sleeping and developmental problems in 1.5-year-old infants

Association of fetal eye movement density with sleeping and developmental problems in 1.5-year-old infants

Circadian variation in sudden unexpected infant death in the United States

Not sleeping soundly in early infancy is not bad

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