Rapid Evidence Assessment of Mental Health Outcomes of Pandemics for Health Care Workers: Implications for the Covid-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Background: Little is known about the long-term mental health (MH) impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on health care workers (HCWs). However, synthesizing knowledge from past pandemics can help to anticipate this, along with identifying interventions required, when, and target populations most in need. This paper provides a balanced evaluation of what is currently known about short- and long-term MH impacts of pandemics on HCWs and effect of methodological limitations on knowledge claims.Method: A rapid evidence assessment (REA) was conducted on 41 studies published in the past two decades that examined MH outcomes for HCWs in relation to pandemics.Results: Findings of literary synthesis highlight common MH outcomes across pandemics, including increased stress, distress, burnout, and anxiety in the short-term, and post-traumatic stress and depression in the long-term. Findings also show the key role that organizations and public health bodies play in promoting adaptive coping and reducing health worries and the emotional and psychological distress caused by this. Evidence highlights particular groups at risk of developing MH issues (contact with patients that are infected, having children), and time points where risk may increase (initial response phase, when quarantined). However, inconsistencies in measures, analysis, and reporting all create limitations for pooling data.Conclusions: Findings can be used by researchers to provide a knowledge framework to inform future research that will assist HCWs in responding to pandemics, and by policy makers and service planners to provide an evidence-led brief about direction and evidence base for related policy initiatives, interventions or service programmes.

Evidence-informed consensus statements to guide COVID-19 patient visitation policies: results from a national stakeholder meeting

“…23,24 Healthcare professionals or decision-makers reported experiencing ''change fatigue'' due to the reported frequent changes to COVID-19-related policies and procedures 25,26 and distress when a patient's family could not be present at the bedside at the end of life. [27][28][29] Aligned with research showing that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of the general public and front-line healthcare professionals, [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] we found that participants shared similar experiences including change fatigue and psychological and emotional distress. As such, final consensus statements should be succinct and engage multidisciplinary stakeholders, and their implementation should be minimally burdensome.…”

Depression, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and fear of COVID-19 in the general population and health-care workers: prevalence, relationship, and explicative model in Peru

“…Previous studies show the key role that organizations and public health bodies play in promoting adaptive coping and reducing health worries and the emotional and psychological distress caused by the pandemic. Evidence highlights particular groups at risk of developing mental health problems (contact with infected patients, having children), and time points where risk may increase (initial response phase, when quarantined) [58]. Our study raises three main implications for public and global health in Peru and other Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) with similar characteristics.…”

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“…Regarding gender and mental health, several studies highlighted gender differences in the psychological outcomes of HCWs [14,45]. These findings had mixed results, but our result was consistent with studies from China [46,47] that men had a greater chance of depersonalisation, lack of personal achievement, anxiety and PTSD.…”