Rapid encoding of relationships between spatially remote motion signals

Maruya, Kazushi; Holcombe, Alex O.; Nishida, Shin’ya

doi:10.1167/13.2.4

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 79 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This structure has been considered to make the visual system more sensitive to spatially modulated motion flow than to uniform flow, but it can also be regarded as a mechanism that computes spatial changes somewhat like the Laplacian operator. In addition, our recent study suggests that the visual system is very good at judging the spatiotemporal relationship between remote motion signal pairs (Maruya, Holcombe, & Nishida, 2013). This suggests the presence of a neural mechanism, more elaborate than center-surround opponency, which explicitly encodes the spatial relationships between local motion vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seeing liquids from visual motion

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most research on human visual recognition focuses on solid objects, whose identity is defined primarily by shape. In daily life, however, we often encounter materials that have no specific form, including liquids whose shape changes dynamically over time. Here we show that human observers can recognize liquids and their viscosities solely from image motion information. Using a two-dimensional array of noise patches, we presented observers with motion vector fields derived from diverse computer rendered scenes of liquid flow. Our observers perceived liquid-like materials in the noise-based motion fields, and could judge the simulated viscosity with surprising accuracy, given total absence of non-motion information including form. We find that the critical feature for apparent liquid viscosity is local motion speed, whereas for the impression of liquidness, image statistics related to spatial smoothness-including the mean discrete Laplacian of motion vectors-is important. Our results show the brain exploits a wide range of motion statistics to identify non-solid materials.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seeing liquids from visual motion

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conversely, spatial separation slightly reduced modulation elicited by synchronous motion. Synchronous motion detection is fast and surprisingly robust within a large field of view; however, detectability slightly depends upon the spatial separation between targets (Maruya et al, 2013). Hence, it is not the modulation on animacy perception per se but synchronous motion detection that would likely be responsible for the slight reduction in modulation via synchronous motion in Experiment 2.…”

Section: Spatial and Temporal Separationmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, at the same time, a slight dependency regarding spatial separation was also observed. This may be due to weak dependency regarding spatial distance during synchronous motion detection (Maruya, Holcombe, & Nishida, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronous motion modulates animacy perception

Takahashi

Watanabe

2015

Journal of Vision

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visual motion serves as a cue for high-level percepts. The present study reports novel modulation of animacy perception through synchronous motion. A target dot moving along a random trajectory was presented. The trajectory was generated based on a variant of 1/f noise; hence, the dot could be perceived as animate. Participants were asked to rate the strength of perceived animacy and perceived intention from the target dot. Several task-irrelevant dots surrounding the target were also presented. Results indicated that perceived animacy and intention were drastically weakened when surrounding dots created synchronous motion with the target dot as compared to when surrounding dots did not create synchronous motion. A series of follow-up experiments replicated these results and revealed specific characteristics of this modulation. The present findings suggest synchronous visual motion serves as a strong modulator of animacy perception.

show abstract

“…A more recent phase discrimination study calls this interpretation into question, however, showing significant degradation in phase discrimination performance between 10°and 100°of visual separation (Maruya, Holcombe, & Nishida, 2013), far more extensive than the maximum 16°separation tested by Aghdaee and Cavanagh (2007). Maruya and colleagues' result suggests that manipulating interelement separation is unlikely to completely 'silence' the contribution of early motion filters to temporal phase judgments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dynamic distractor environments reveal classic visual field anisotropies for judgments of temporal order

Cass

Burg

2018

Atten Percept Psychophys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous studies have shown that visual performance critically depends on the stimulus' projected retinal location. For example, performance tends to be better along the horizontal relative to the vertical meridian (lateral anisotropy). Another case is the so-called upper-lower anisotropy, whereby performance is better in the upper relative to the lower hemifield. This study investigates whether temporal order judgments (TOJs) are subject to these visual field constraints. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects reported the temporal order of two disks located along the horizontal or vertical meridians. Each target disk was surrounded by 10 black and white distractor disks, whose polarity remained unchanged (static condition) or reversed throughout the trial (dynamic condition). Results indicate that the mere presence of dynamic distractors elevated thresholds by more than a factor of four and that this elevation was particularly pronounced along the vertical meridian, evidencing the lateral anisotropy. In Experiment 3, thresholds were compared in upper, lower, left, and right visual hemifields. Results show that the threshold elevation caused by dynamic distractors was greatest in the upper visual field, demonstrating an upper-lower anisotropy. Critically, these anisotropies were evident exclusively in dynamic distractor conditions suggesting that distinct processes govern TOJ performance under these different contextual conditions. We propose that whereas standard TOJs are processed by fast low-order motion mechanisms, the presence of dynamic distractors mask these low-order motion signals, forcing observers to rely more heavily on more sluggish higher order motion processes.

show abstract

Rapid encoding of relationships between spatially remote motion signals

Cited by 16 publications

References 79 publications

Seeing liquids from visual motion

Seeing liquids from visual motion

Synchronous motion modulates animacy perception

Dynamic distractor environments reveal classic visual field anisotropies for judgments of temporal order

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About