Rapid Early Growth May Modulate the Association Between Birth Weight and Blood Pressure at 5 Years in the EDEN Cohort Study

Taine, Marion; Stengel, Bénédicte; Forhan, Anne; Carles, Sophie; Botton, Jérémie; Munier, Charles; Heude, Barbara

doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07529

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The approach we have used in the present work allows separation of the effects of early growth (or weight) status (at 2.5 years) and subsequent rapid growth (to 14 years). In addition, we have explored a wide range of metabolic risk factors in contrast to previous work which has generally been limited to relatively few markers . Huang et al showed, in children studied serially from birth to 14 years, that insulin resistance was greatest in those children at 14 years with increasing BMI z score trajectories, as distinct from “stable” or “falling” trajectories, regardless of birth weight, in broad agreement with the present work.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A BMI z score trajectory designated as “early persistent obesity” was associated with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 18 years . Other studies, by Crowther et al and Taine et al, have followed children to 7 and 5 years, respectively, and are not therefore strictly comparable with the present work. Of interest, both these studies tracked body weight from birth using multiple regression approaches.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

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Pacific Islands Families Study: Physical growth to age 14 and metabolic risk

et al. 2019

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Summary Background The relationships between the trajectories of weight gain from early childhood to adolescence and risk for metabolic disease are not well understood. Objective The objective of the study is to examine the relationships between weight gain from 2 to 14 years and metabolic risk factors at age 14 years in Pacific Island children. Methods z scores for weight were calculated at each of the ages 2.5, 4, 6, 9, 11, and 13.5 years in 1053 children. Growth trajectories were determined by estimating the linear trend of z scores with age for each child. In a subgroup of 204 children, biomarkers of metabolic risk were measured and related to linear trend intercepts and slopes. Results More rapid growth (greater slope of z score trajectory) was associated with higher concentrations of insulin, leptin (boys), urate, and markers of liver function, insulin resistance and inflammation. Children with higher weights in early life (greater intercept) showed fewer associations with metabolic markers, but considered together, intercept and slope were independently associated with a range of metabolic risk factors. Conclusions Both rapid weight gain and a higher body weight in early childhood were associated with higher risk for metabolic disease. Monitoring growth trajectories may help target interventions to optimize nutrition, physical activity, and growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Pacific Islands Families Study: Physical growth to age 14 and metabolic risk

et al. 2019

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growth patterns throughout infancy, in particular small birth size for gestational age and rapid postnatal weight gain have been associated with cardiovascular risk factors in both children and young adults, including abnormal lipid levels and elevated BP. [8][9][10][11][12][13] Similarly, being born large for gestational age has been linked with adverse cardiovascular consequences. 10,14,15 However, in studies carried out on representative population-based samples, mixed findings have been reported for associations of birth weight and postnatal weight gain with lipid profiles [16][17][18][19] and with BP 16,[20][21][22][23] in children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Weight, Postnatal Weight Gain, and Childhood Adiposity in Relation to Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure During Early Adolescence

Hulst

Barnett

Paradis

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundDifferent pathways likely underlie the association between early weight gain and cardiovascular disease risk. We examined whether birth weight for length relationship and weight gain up to 2 years of age are associated with lipid profiles and blood pressure (BP) in early adolescence and determined whether childhood adiposity mediates these associations.Methods and ResultsData from QUALITY (Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth), a cohort of white children with parental history of obesity, were analyzed (n=395). Sex‐specific weight for length z scores from birth to 2 years were computed. Rate of postnatal weight gain was estimated using individual slopes of weight for length z‐score measurements. Percentage of body fat was measured at 8 to 10 years. Fasting lipids and BP were measured at 10 to 12 years. Using path analysis, we found indirect effects of postnatal weight gain, through childhood adiposity, on all outcomes: Rate of postnatal weight for length gain was positively associated with childhood adiposity, which in turn was associated with unfavorable lipid and BP levels in early adolescence. In contrast, small beneficial direct effects on diastolic BP z scores, independent of weight at other time points, were found for birth weight for length (β=−0.05, 95% CI, −0.09 to −0.002) and for postnatal weight gain (β=−0.02, 95% CI, −0.03 to −0.002).ConclusionsAmong children with at least 1 obese parent, faster postnatal weight gain leads to cardiovascular risk factors in early adolescence through its effect on childhood adiposity. Although heavier newborns may have lower BP in early adolescence, this protective direct effect could be offset by a deleterious indirect effect linking birth weight to later adiposity.

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“…In most studies, birthweight was inversely associated with SBP, DBP or both over a time period . Conversely, two studies reported positive associations between birthweight and BP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Correlates of elevated blood pressure in healthy children: a systematic review

et al. 2018

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The prevalence of hypertension in children is increasing globally. Addressing this will require a robust understanding of associated risk factors. To this end, we conducted a systematic review to identify correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children. Literature searches were conducted using pre-defined search terms from three academic databases. The abstract and full text of identified studies were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. A total of 100 studies were included in this systematic review. An assessment tool was first used to assess study quality; a narrative synthesis was then performed. We found a broad range of physiological, social and behavioural factors associated with elevated BP in children. The most common correlate observed was adiposity, suggesting that childhood obesity may be implicated in the increased prevalence of hypertension observed in children. However, the broad range of other factors identified underscores the multi-factorial aetiology of hypertension. Data from a broad range of studies showed that the correlates of hypertension in children are multi-factorial. Therefore, approaches aimed at preventing hypertension must in turn be multi-factorial to ensure that the burden of hypertension in childhood is addressed.

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Rapid Early Growth May Modulate the Association Between Birth Weight and Blood Pressure at 5 Years in the EDEN Cohort Study

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Pacific Islands Families Study: Physical growth to age 14 and metabolic risk

Pacific Islands Families Study: Physical growth to age 14 and metabolic risk

Birth Weight, Postnatal Weight Gain, and Childhood Adiposity in Relation to Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure During Early Adolescence

Correlates of elevated blood pressure in healthy children: a systematic review

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