Rapid diagnosis and genotyping of Leishmania isolates from cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis by microcapillary cultivation and polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism of miniexon region

Isolation, Genetic Characterization, and Seroprevalence of Adana Virus, a Novel Phlebovirus Belonging to the Salehabad Virus Complex, in Turkey

“…Our results showing that pool 195 contained P. tobbi, P. perfiliewi, and P. papatasi are consistent with the previously established species distribution in the Adana region (48). The region is also a wellknown focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum transmitted by P. tobbi, which feeds on cattle (70%) and humans (10%) according to blood meal identification (49,50,51). It is therefore likely that ADAV is transmitted by Larroussius sand flies, most probably P. tobbi.…”

Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a New Host Cell in Latent Leishmaniasis

“…In our previous studies, it has been shown that MCM is more sensitive than the other classical culture approaches in the diagnosis of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. [25][26][27] It is already known that Leishmania parasites have developed a survival mechanism in which they stay viable in phagolysosome after infecting macrophages by receptor-based phagocytosis. 11 In the literature, it has been shown that parasites infect not only professional phagocytotic cells such as macrophages but also amnion epithelial cells, fibroblasts, kidney cells, and dendritic cells in mammalian hosts.…”

“…Microcapillary culture was prepared every 7 days from ADMSCs culture infected by Leishmania parasites. [25][26][27] Detected motile promastigotes were counted and evaluated according to the method of Chulay and Bryceson 24 with slight modifications: Grade 0 = 0 parasites/all fields; Grade 1+ = 1-5 parasites/all fields; Grade 2+ = 6-10 parasites/all fields; Grade 3+ = 11-25 parasites/all fields; Grade 4+ = 26-50 parasites/all fields; Grade 5+ = 51-100 parasites/all fields; Grade 6+ > 100 parasites/all fields.…”

Methods of Rapid Microbiological Assay and Their Application to Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Fabrication

“…However, they are not always suited to pharmaceutical and medical devices due to the large difference in the number of contaminating microorganisms. Their procedures of detection may be direct, in which individual microorganisms or populations of organisms are directly observed, or indirect, whereby microbial metabolism, metabolites, or components can be Pettipher, 1983;Hutcheson et al, 1988;Rodrigues and Kroll, 1988;Rodrigues and Kroll, 1990;Diaper and Edwards, 1994;Nebe-von Caron et al, 1998;Newby, 2000;Van Poucke and Nelis, 2000;DeCory et al, 2005, electrical resistance Baynes et al, 1983Owens and WacherViveros, 1986;Silley and Forsythe, 1996;Newby, 2000 , enzyme monitoring Kroll andRodrigues, 1986;Watling and Leech, 1996;Newby, 2000 , Limulus amoebocyte lysate Jorgensen and Alexander, 1981;Bussey and Tsuji, 1984;Baines, 2000, nucleic acid probes Bauters et al, 1999Jordan, 2000;Newby, 2000;Dunsmoor et al, 2001;Jimenez et al, 2001;Serin et al, 2005;Chaieb et al, 2007;Zuluaga et al, 2009 , phage-interaction technology Wolber andGreen, 1990;Turpin et al, 1993;Stewart et al, 1996;Stewart et al, 1998;Mole et al, 1999;Wu et al, 2001 , andcarbon dioxide radiometry Cutler et al, 1989 . In addition to the methods summarized in Table 2, other techniques have been inve...…”