Rapid degradation of γ-HCH in upland soil after multiple applications

Wada, Hiroo; Senoo, Keishi; Takai, Yasuo

doi:10.1080/00380768.1989.10434738

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Soil of the field is classified as volcanic ash soil, Andosol. Properties of the soil were reported previously 28) . Fresh moist soil samples were collected from the surface layer of each plot, passed through a 2 mm screen, and used for the experiment without air-drying.…”

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“…Ten different soil samples were used in this study, including one each from seven plots in the long-term experimental upland field 28) ; the control plot (plot 1), a plot treated with manure (plot 2), a plot treated with the fungicide 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1, 3-isophtalonitrile (TPN) (plot 3), a plot treated with γ-HCH (plot 4), a plot treated with TPN and manure (plot 5), a plot treated with TPN and γ-HCH (plot 6), and a plot treated with TPN, γ-HCH, and manure (plot 7). The experimental field was set up in 1973 inside the campus of the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 28) .…”

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“…As to the seven soils from the long-term experimental upland field (plots 1-7), dibenzofuran (DF)-treated samples were also prepared. Forty mg kg −1 of DF was applied to each soil by the Celite method 28) , and incubated in the same way. In addition, for the soil of the γ-HCH-plot, a γ-HCH-treated sample (10 mg kg −1 soil by the Celite method) was prepared and incubated.…”

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Presence of linA-Homologous DNA Sequences in Different Types of Soil and Their Sequence Diversity

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Presence of linA-Homologous DNA Sequences in Different Types of Soil and Their Sequence Diversity

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“…Pseudomonas paucimobilis SS86 (34,45) and UT26 (12), which is a nalidixic acid-resistant mutant of SS86, utilize -y-HCH as a sole source of carbon and energy. (Note that reclassification of members of the genus Pseudomonas is now in progress.…”

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Cloning and sequencing of a 2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol dehydrogenase gene involved in the degradation of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane in Pseudomonas paucimobilis

et al. 1994

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In Pseudomonas paucimobilis UT26, y-hexachlorocyclohexane (y-HCH) is converted to 2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol (2,5-DDOL), which is then metabolized to 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone. Here, we isolated from the genomic library of UT26 two genes which expressed 2,5-DDOL dehydrogenase activity when they were transformed into P. putida and Escherichia coli. Both (Fig. 1): y-HCH is converted by two steps of dehydrochlorination via -y-pentachlorocyclohexene (,y-PCCH) to 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-1,4-cyclohexadiene (1,4-TCDN), which is then metabolized to 2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol (2,5-DDOL) by two steps of hydrolytic dehalogenation via 2,4,5-trichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-ol (2,4,. Through this series of reactions, two dead end products, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB) and 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP), are also produced from unstable intermediates, 1,4-TCDN' and 2,4,5-DNOL, respectively. 2,5-DDOL is further degraded to 2,5-DCHQ (22) and then to a metabolite which is undetectable by gas chromatography (GC) with an electron capture detector, and, finally, 2,5-DCHQ is mineralized (22).In previous studies, we cloned and sequenced two genes involved in the early steps of -y-HCH degradation in UT26 (11,25). The linA gene encodes -y-HCH dehydrochlorinase (LinA), which converts y-HCH to 1,2,4-TCB via -y-PCCH (and 1,4-TCDN) (11). The linA gene was highly expressed in Escherichia coli and was purified to homogeneity (23). LinA released three chloride ions from one molecule of -y-HCH (23). Degradation assays of halogenated compounds by purified LinA showed that the substrate specificity of LinA is very narrow

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“…Three such strains of Sphingomonas paucimobilis, SS86 (UT26), Sp+ and B90A, have been isolated from different geographical locations Sahu et al, 1990;Dogra et al, 2004). The mutant strain UT26 is resistant to nalidixic acid and is derived from the original SS86 strain that was isolated in 1989 from upland fields in Japan where gamma-HCH had been applied for 15 years Wada et al, 1989). Strain Sp+ was isolated from French soils contaminated with gamma-HCH presumably for only a few years (Dogra et al, 2004).…”

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