Rapid decline in vaccine-boosted neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

Lyke, Kirsten E.; Atmar, Robert L.; Islas, Clara Domínguez; Posavad, Christine M.; Szydlo, Daniel; PaulChourdhury, Rahul; Deming, Meagan E.; Eaton, Amanda; Jackson, Lisa A.; Branche, Angela; Sahly, Hana M. El; Rostad, Christina A.; Martin, Judith M.; Johnston, Christine; Rupp, Richard; Mulligan, Mark J.; Brady, Rebecca C.; Frenck, Robert W.; Bäcker, Martín; Kottkamp, Angélica; Babu, Tara M; Rajakumar, Kumaravel; Edupuganti, Srilatha; Dobrzynski, David; Coler, Rhea N.; Archer, Janet I.; Crandon, Sonja; Zemanek, Jillian A.; Brown, Elizabeth R.; Neuzil, Kathleen M.; Stephens, David S.; Post, Diane J.; Nayak, Seema; Suthar, Mehul S.; Roberts, Paul C.; Beigel, John H; Montefiori, David C.

doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100679

Cited by 135 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It should be noted that all the tested Omicron variants, including the currently circulating BA.4/BA.5, were sensitive to compound 5 . This result is consistent with the notion that compound 5 may not interfere with receptor binding of the spike proteins, as the receptor-binding domain of BA.4/BA.5 is significantly different from that of D614G variant in primary amino acid sequence and receptor affinity [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…It was reported that Omicron variants contain more mutations than previous variants, especially in the receptor-binding domain of the viral spike protein, which could lead to resistance to neutralizing antibodies. It was reported that Omicron variants are much more infectious compared to previous prevalent SARS-CoV-2 subtypes such as Delta, while partially resistant to the vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Based on these information, it is highly possible that new variants resistant to current vaccines and treatments could emerge in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quinolizidines as Novel SARS-CoV-2 Entry Inhibitors

Huang

Zhu

Xie

et al. 2022

IJMS

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COVID-19, caused by the highly transmissible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread and become a pandemic since its outbreak in 2019. We have previously discovered that aloperine is a new privileged scaffold that can be modified to become a specific antiviral compound with markedly improved potency against different viruses, such as the influenza virus. In this study, we have identified a collection of aloperine derivatives that can inhibit the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells. Compound 5 is the most potent tested aloperine derivative that inhibited the entry of SARS-CoV-2 (D614G variant) spike protein-pseudotyped virus with an IC50 of 0.5 µM. The compound was also active against several other SARS-CoV-2 variants including Delta and Omicron. Results of a confocal microscopy study suggest that compound 5 inhibited the viral entry before fusion to the cell or endosomal membrane. The results are consistent with the notion that aloperine is a privileged scaffold that can be used to develop potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinolizidines as Novel SARS-CoV-2 Entry Inhibitors

Huang

Zhu

Xie

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“… 4 The spike mutations of Wuhan-1 (D614G) and the four sublineages of the omicron variant are provided in Figure S1. 5 Mutations in the spike of the BA.2.75 pseudovirus relative to Wuhan-1 are T19I, L24S, P25del, P26del, A27del, G142D, K147E, W152R, F157L, I210V, V213G, G257S, G339H, S371F, S373P, S375F, T376A, D405N, R408S, K417N, N440K, G446S, N460K, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q498R, N501Y, Y505H, D614G, H655Y, N679K, P681H, N764K, D796Y, Q954H, and N969K. Differences in receptor-binding domain spike mutations of BA.2.75 and BA.4/5 include N460K (present in BA.2.75 and absent in BA.4/5), L452R (present in BA.4/5 and absent in BA.2.75), F486V (present in BA.4/5 and absent in BA.2.75), and G339H in BA.2.75, instead of G339D in BA.4/5.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 after mRNA-1273 Vaccination

et al. 2022

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“…Resistance to antiviral humoral immunity can be mainly determined by substitutions in the spike (S) protein. For instance, Omicron BA.1 (Cao et al, 2021; Cele et al, 2021; Dejnirattisai et al, 2022; Garcia-Beltran et al, 2021; Liu et al, 2021; Meng et al, 2022; Planas et al, 2021; Takashita et al, 2022a; VanBlargan et al, 2022) , BA.2 (Bruel et al, 2022; Takashita et al, 2022b; Yamasoba et al, 2022c), and BA.5 (Arora et al, 2022; Cao et al, 2022; Gruell et al, 2022; Hachmann et al, 2022; Khan et al, 2022; Kimura et al, 2022c; Lyke et al, 2022; Qu et al, 2022; Tuekprakhon et al, 2022; Wang et al, 2022; Yamasoba et al ., 2022c) exhibit profound resistance to neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination, natural SARS-CoV-2 infection, and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Particularly, newly spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants tend to be resistant to the humoral immunity induced by the infection with prior variant; for instance, BA.2 is resistant to BA.1 breakthrough infection sera (Qu et al ., 2022; Tuekprakhon et al ., 2022; Yamasoba et al, 2022b), and BA.5 is resistant to BA.2 breakthrough infection sera (Hachmann et al ., 2022; Kimura et al ., 2022c; Wang et al ., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75

Saito

Tamura

Zahradník

et al. 2022

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 emerged in May 2022. BA.2.75 is a BA.2 descendant but is phylogenetically different from BA.5, the currently predominant BA.2 descendant. Here, we showed that the effective reproduction number of BA.2.75 is greater than that of BA.5. While the sensitivity of BA.2.75 to vaccination- and BA.1/2 breakthrough infection-induced humoral immunity was comparable to that of BA.2, the immunogenicity of BA.2.75 was different from that of BA.2 and BA.5. Three clinically-available antiviral drugs were effective against BA.2.75. BA.2.75 spike exhibited a profound higher affinity to human ACE2 than BA.2 and BA.5 spikes. The fusogenicity, growth efficiency in human alveolar epithelial cells, and intrinsic pathogenicity in hamsters of BA.2.75 were comparable to those of BA.5 but were greater than those of BA.2. Our multiscale investigations suggest that BA.2.75 acquired virological properties independently of BA.5, and the potential risk of BA.2.75 to global health is greater than that of BA.5.

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Rapid decline in vaccine-boosted neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

Cited by 135 publications

References 15 publications

Quinolizidines as Novel SARS-CoV-2 Entry Inhibitors

Quinolizidines as Novel SARS-CoV-2 Entry Inhibitors

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 after mRNA-1273 Vaccination

Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75

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