Rapid Conversion of Chicken Feather to Feather Meal Using Dimeric Keratinase from Bacillus licheniformis ER-15

Tiwary, Ekta; Gupta, Rani

doi:10.4172/2155-9821.1000123

Cited by 74 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Presence of these amino acids in feather makes it as valuable dietary protein supplement for animal feedstuffs (flour and feather meal) after its hydrolysis [28]. Keratinolytic microorganisms and their enzymes may be a subject of substantial scientific interest due to their capability to hydrolyzed keratin into amino acids in balanced form without losing their original property [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolyzing Proficiency of Keratinases in Feather Degradation

Gupta

Singh

2014

Indian J Microbiol

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The keratinase degrade highly rigid, cross linked structural polypeptides with different efficiency depending on the type of source. Two newly isolated strains of Bacillus subtilis (RSE163 and RSE165; NCBI Accession no JQ887983 and JQ887982) were found to be efficient keratinase producers with unusual catalytic activity result in different morphological changes in degradation pattern of feather, confirmed by their scanned electron micrographs. Maximum keratinolytic activity of both the strains B. subtilis RSE163 and RSE165 were found to be 366 ± 15.79 and 194 ± 7.26 U after 72 h of incubation. While the disulphide reductase activity of RSE163 and RSE165 estimated 0.24 ± 0.05 and 0.15 ± 0.03 U/ml of enzyme after 24 h of incubation. A total of 16 free amino acids of variable concentration were also analyzed in the cell free supernatant of hydrolyzed feather from two strains. Present study demonstrates the action of two different keratinases in feather degradation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolyzing Proficiency of Keratinases in Feather Degradation

Gupta

Singh

2014

Indian J Microbiol

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“…Mikroorganisme pendegradasi keratin di antaranya adalah jenis bakteri Bacillus sp. (Tiwary dan Gupta, 2012). Salah satu bakteri yang dapat mendegradasi keratin adalah bakteri B. subtilis (Madigan, dan Martinko, 2005 (Sefrita, 2008).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BULU AYAM MENJADI BAHAN PAKAN IKAN DENGAN FERMENTASI Bacillus subtilis (Utilization of Waste Chicken Feather to Fish Feed Ingredients Material with Fermentation of Bacillus subtilis)

et al. 2016

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AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah bulu ayam menjadi bahan pakan ikan dengan fermentasi Bacillus subtilis. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan, 3 kali ulangan, yaitu P0 : tepung bulu ayam non fermentasi; P1 : fermentasi dengan inokulum B. subtilis 5 mL/2 g tepung bulu ayam; P2 : fermentasi dengan inokulum B. subtilis 10 mL/2 g tepung bulu ayam; P3 : fermentasi dengan inokulum B. subtilis 15 mL/2 g tepung bulu ayam. Parameter yang diamati adalah hasil uji proksimat meliputi kadar protein kasar, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak kasar, kadar serat kasar, dan parameter pendukung yaitu uji organoleptik, berupa sifat fisik tepung bulu ayam, meliputi warna, tekstur, dan bau. Data berupa hasil uji proksimat dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA dan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf uji 5%, sedangkan untuk data hasil organoleptik dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah bulu ayam menjadi bahan pakan ikan dapat dilakukan dengan fermentasi B. subtilis. Fermentasi tepung bulu ayam menggunakan B. subtillis dapat meningkatkan kualitas bahan baku pakan ikan. Perlakuan P2 (inokulum 10 mL/2 g tepung bulu ayam) adalah perlakuan yang paling efektif karena menghasilkan protein tertinggi yaitu 80,59%, dengan perubahan sifat fisik menjadi putih sampai putih kekuningan (warna), lembut (tekstur), dan khas kurang menyengat (bau). Kata kunci: Bacillus subtilis, bahan pakan ikan, bulu ayam, fermentasi, limbah, pemanfaatan. Abstract This study aims to utilize waste chicken feathers into fish feed ingredients by fermentation of Bacillus subtilis. The research has done by experimental methods with completely randomized design (CRD) 4 treatments

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“…Hydrothermal pretreatment was proved to be advantageous as a method for preparation of feathers or hooves and horn prior to hydrolysis with bacterial or fungal keratinases [14,15]. An alternative for keratinous substrate preparation is based on sulfitolytic cleavage of disulfide bonds provided by sulfite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grazziotin et al [18] evaluated the nutritional quality of chicken feather hydrolysates obtained in culture of B. licheniformis. Also, purified keratinase from B. licheniformis ER-15 was applied for bioconversion of feathers into feather meal of improved dietary value [14]. Likewise, keratinase from B. subtilis RSE163 proved to be applicable for production of feather hydrolysate for feed supplementation [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzymatic Degradation of Pretreated Pig Bristles with Crude Keratinase of Bacillus cereus PCM 2849

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et al. 2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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Purpose The aim of the study was to apply and optimize the process of bioconversion of pig bristle waste using keratinolytic enzymes of Bacillus cereus PCM 2849, and to evaluate the amino acid composition of the resultant hydrolysate. Methods Hydrolysis with concentrated culture fluid of B. cereus was applied for bioconversion of pig bristles, after thermo-chemical pretreatment with sulfite. The effect of substrate concentration, sulfite concentration during pretreatment and reaction temperature on the release of amino acids was determined using Box-Behnken design. Amino acid composition of the obtained hydrolysate was determined by HPLC. Structural condition and substructural changes of the residual substrate were evaluated with SEM microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. Results The applied enzymatic preparation for bristle biodegradation was verified to contain multiple proteases of a wide molecular weight range. A regression model was developed, in which influential parameters were: linear effect of substrate concentration, followed by quadratic effects of reaction temperature, substrate concentration and pretreatment. Optimum reaction conditions were also determined. The resultant hydrolysate was rich in branched-chain amino acids. Residual substrate was detriorated and sulfitolytic cleavage of disulfides and alteration of protein secondary structures was confirmed. Conclusions Application of B. cereus crude keratinase allowed for partial hydrolysis of pig bristles, preceded by sulfitolytic pretreatment. A regression model was built to describe the process of hydrolysis to release free amino acids, at constant enzyme load. Hydrolysis in given conditions allowed to obtain hydrolysate rich in branched chain amino acids. The presented process poses an alternate way of management over pig bristles, a hard-to-degrade keratinous waste.

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Rapid Conversion of Chicken Feather to Feather Meal Using Dimeric Keratinase from Bacillus licheniformis ER-15

Cited by 74 publications

References 19 publications

Hydrolyzing Proficiency of Keratinases in Feather Degradation

Hydrolyzing Proficiency of Keratinases in Feather Degradation

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BULU AYAM MENJADI BAHAN PAKAN IKAN DENGAN FERMENTASI Bacillus subtilis (Utilization of Waste Chicken Feather to Fish Feed Ingredients Material with Fermentation of Bacillus subtilis)

Enzymatic Degradation of Pretreated Pig Bristles with Crude Keratinase of Bacillus cereus PCM 2849

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