Rapid changes in plasma cortisol, osmolality, and respiration in response to salinity stress in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)

Kammerer, Brittany D.; Cech, Joseph J.; Kültz, Dietmar

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.07.009

Cited by 94 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This increase has not been previously documented in other work performed in tilapia (Kammerer et al, 2010;Sardella et al, 2004). However, Kammerer et al (Kammerer et al, 2010) observed significantly increased opercular ventilation at 3 h and a significant increase in respiration at 24 h in tilapia that were acutely exposed to 25 ppt salinity challenge. Increases in respiration rate may signal for increased production of red blood cells for delivery of oxygen to the tissues and could be related to the observed increase in hematocrit in this study.…”

Section: Acute and Chronic Salinity Acclimation Alters Blood Plasma Cmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…This increment is approximately the maximum salinity tolerated during acute acclimation without showing signs of behavioral stress or mortality (Kammerer et al, 2010;Stickney, 1986). Three 76 l tanks were used to repeat the 25 ppt salinity treatment and two fish from each tank replicate (N=6 fish total) were randomly collected after 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h. The whole brain was quickly harvested from each fish and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Salinity Acclimations Acutementioning

confidence: 99%

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Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) brain cells respond to hyperosmotic challenge by inducingmyo-inositol biosynthesis

Gardell

Yang

Sacchi

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThis study aimed to determine the regulation of the de novo myo-inositol biosynthetic (MIB) pathway in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) brain following acute (25 ppt) and chronic (30, 60 and 90 ppt) salinity acclimations. The MIB pathway plays an important role in accumulating the compatible osmolyte, myo-inositol, in cells in response to hyperosmotic challenge and consists of two enzymes, myo-inositol phosphate synthase and inositol monophosphatase. In tilapia brain, MIB enzyme transcriptional regulation was found to robustly increase in a time (acute acclimation) or dose (chronic acclimation) dependent manner. Blood plasma osmolality and Na + and Cl -concentrations were also measured and significantly increased in response to both acute and chronic salinity challenges. Interestingly, highly significant positive correlations were found between MIB enzyme mRNA and blood plasma osmolality in both acute and chronic salinity acclimations. Additionally, a mass spectrometry assay was established and used to quantify total myo-inositol concentration in tilapia brain, which closely mirrored the hyperosmotic MIB pathway induction. Thus, myo-inositol is a major compatible osmolyte that is accumulated in brain cells when exposed to acute and chronic hyperosmotic challenge. These data show that the MIB pathway is highly induced in response to environmental salinity challenge in tilapia brain and that this induction is likely prompted by increases in blood plasma osmolality. Because the MIB pathway uses glucose-6-phosphate as a substrate and large amounts of myo-inositol are being synthesized, our data also illustrate that the MIB pathway likely contributes to the high energetic demand posed by salinity challenge.

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Section: Acute and Chronic Salinity Acclimation Alters Blood Plasma Cmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Salinity Acclimations Acutementioning

confidence: 99%

Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) brain cells respond to hyperosmotic challenge by inducingmyo-inositol biosynthesis

Gardell

Yang

Sacchi

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Previous studies have shown elevated cortisol levels in the blood of teleosts during salinity adaptation (Evans et al 2005). In Mozambique tilapia challenged with 2/3 SW (20-25 ppt), plasma cortisol levels (Kammerer et al 2010) and tissue sensitivity (glucocorticoid receptor; see Dean et al (2003) and Aruna et al (2012)) were found to be enhanced when plasma osmolality was elevated (0-4 days). In the present study, the cortisol-injected fish had elevated glucose levels at 6 and 24 h ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Role for leptin in promoting glucose mobilization during acute hyperosmotic stress in teleost fishes

Baltzegar

Reading

Douros

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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Osmoregulation is critical for survival in all vertebrates, yet the endocrine regulation of this metabolically expensive process is not fully understood. Specifically, the function of leptin in the regulation of energy expenditure in fishes, and among ectotherms, in general, remains unresolved. In this study, we examined the effects of acute salinity transfer (72 h) and the effects of leptin and cortisol on plasma metabolites and hepatic energy reserves in the euryhaline fish, the tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Transfer to 2/3 seawater (23 ppt) significantly increased plasma glucose, amino acid, and lactate levels relative to those in the control fish. Plasma glucose levels were positively correlated with amino acid levels (R 2 Z0.614), but not with lactate levels. The mRNA expression of liver leptin A (lepa), leptin receptor (lepr), and hormone-sensitive and lipoprotein lipases (hsl and lpl) as well as triglyceride content increased during salinity transfer, but plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride levels remained unchanged. Both leptin and cortisol significantly increased plasma glucose levels in vivo, but only leptin decreased liver glycogen levels. Leptin decreased the expression of liver hsl and lpl mRNAs, whereas cortisol significantly increased the expression of these lipases. These findings suggest that hepatic glucose mobilization into the blood following an acute salinity challenge involves both glycogenolysis, induced by leptin, and subsequent gluconeogenesis of free amino acids. This is the first study to report that teleost leptin A has actions that are functionally distinct from those described in mammals acting as a potent hyperglycemic factor during osmotic stress, possibly in synergism with cortisol. These results suggest that the function of leptin may have diverged during the evolution of vertebrates, possibly reflecting differences in metabolic regulation between poikilotherms and homeotherms.

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“…Therefore, loading and transport stress altered the plasma glucose concentrations and osmolality of the fish. Osmoregulatory adjustments are very important for fish, because without appropriate regulation, death may result (Takei et al, 2006;Kammerer et al, 2010;Gilmour et al, 2012). As a result, some of the fish in the non-NaCl group died.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and differential expression of the glucocorticoid receptorgene in the estuarine tapertail anchovy Coilia nasus

et al. 2017

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT.To understand the regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (Gcr) during loading and transport stress in fish, the Gcr gene of Coilia nasus was cloned. Gcr in C. nasus is expressed strongly in the liver and muscle, and less stronglyin the gills, brain, spleen, intestine, trunk kidney, and head kidney. Gcr expression in both the liver and muscle was increased by loading and transport stress. NaCl reduced the death rate caused by loading and transport stress, and the expression of Gcr in liver and muscle differed significantly between the NaCl and non-NaCl groups. To investigate whether the elevated Gcr transcripts were translated into protein, proteins extracted from the liver and muscle were analyzed. In both tissues, C. nasus GCR protein expression patterns paralleled those of Gcr mRNA during stress.

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Rapid changes in plasma cortisol, osmolality, and respiration in response to salinity stress in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)

Cited by 94 publications

References 39 publications

Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) brain cells respond to hyperosmotic challenge by inducingmyo-inositol biosynthesis

Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) brain cells respond to hyperosmotic challenge by inducingmyo-inositol biosynthesis

Role for leptin in promoting glucose mobilization during acute hyperosmotic stress in teleost fishes

Molecular cloning and differential expression of the glucocorticoid receptorgene in the estuarine tapertail anchovy Coilia nasus

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