Rapid assessment of fruit-color selection by birds using artificial fruits at local scale in Central Amazonia

Arruda, Rafael; Rodrigues, Domingos de Jesus; Izzo, Thiago J.

doi:10.1590/s0044-59672008000200011

Cited by 16 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Color conspicuousness may be relative and influenced by factors such as the type of environment and luminosity (Arruda et al, 2008), and the contrast between the fruit and the foliage in the background (Schmidt et al, 2004;Cazetta et al, 2009). Thus, different colors may be more or be less conspicuous depending on the conditions of a given area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit color preference by birds and applications to ecological restoration

2016

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Ecological restoration aims to retrieve not only the structure but also the functionality of ecosystems. Frugivorous birds may play an important role in this process due to their efficiency in seed dispersal. Color perception in these animals is highly developed, and then the colors of fleshy fruits may provide important clues for choosing plant species for restoration plans. This study aims to integrate bird color preferences and restoration of degraded areas, with an objective to evaluate the potential attractiveness to birds by colored fruits. We carried out an experiment with 384 artificial fruits made of edible modeling clay with the following colors: black, blue, green and red, with 96 fruits of each color in six sites, including four restored areas and two second-growth forest fragments. We also tested the possible effect of light intensity on fruit consumption by color. A total of 120 (38.6%) were assumed to be consumed by birds, and the fruit consumption varied in response to the location and light incidence. Consumption of black and blue fruits was not related to site by chance. Notwithstanding, red and black fruits were consumed significantly more than any other colors, emphasizing bird preference to these colors, regardless of location. Enrichment with shade tolerant shrubs or forest species with black or red fruits may be an alternative way to manage established restorations. In recently established or new restorations, one may introduce pioneer shrubs or short-lived forest species which have blue fruits, but also those having black or red ones.Keywords: artificial fruits, Atlantic Forest, frugivory, ecological succession, color perception. Preferência de cor de frutos por aves e aplicações à restauração ecológica ResumoA restauração ecológica tem a finalidade de recuperar não apenas a estrutura, mas também a funcionalidade dos ecossistemas, e as aves frugívoras podem desempenhar um papel importante neste processo devido à sua eficiência na dispersão de sementes. Como a percepção da cor nestes animais é altamente desenvolvida, a cor dos frutos carnosos pode ser uma característica importante na escolha de espécies de plantas para os reflorestamentos. Este estudo tem como foco integrar a preferência de cor de frutos por aves e a recuperação de áreas degradadas, objetivando determinar a atratividade potencial de aves por frutos de cores diferentes. Foi realizado um experimento com 384 frutos artificiais feitos com massa de modelar comestível nas cores preta, azul, verde e vermelha, com um total de 96 frutos em cada cor em seis locais, incluindo quatro áreas restauradas e dois fragmentos de floresta secundária. Também foi testado o possível efeito da intensidade de luz sobre o consumo de frutos conforme as cores. Um total de 120 (38,6%) frutos foi considerado consumido pelas aves, e o consumo variou em resposta aos locais e incidência de luz. O consumo de frutos pretos e azuis foi significativamente relacionado com o local. Os frutos vermelhos e pretos foram significativamente mais consumidos do...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit color preference by birds and applications to ecological restoration

2016

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“…Therefore, I used clay models that record attacks as marks left on the clay surface to study predation on different forms of P. plantaginis. The use of clay models is somewhat common in studies of predation (Madsen 1987, Brodie 1993, Kuchta 2005, Saporito et al 2007) and even frugivory (Arruda et al 2008) in birds. In both experiments where fake model moths were used the same methodology was employed in designing wings that accurately represented the real moths and ensured visibility by using avian vision modeling.…”

Section: Predation Experiments (Ii Iii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of geographic differentiation in the forewing warning signal of the wood tiger moth in Alaska

Hegna

Mappes

2014

Evol Ecol

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Geographic Variation in the WarningSignals of the Wood Tiger Moth (Parasemia plantaginis; Arctiidae)Esitetään Jyväskylän yliopiston matemaattis-luonnontieteellisen tiedekunnan suostumuksella julkisesti tarkastettavaksi yliopiston Ylistönrinteellä, salissa YAA303 marraskuun 8. päivänä 2013 kello 12.Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, Warning signals are not expected to be diverse because they are under stabilizing selection. This dissertation aims to study historic and contemporary selection mechanisms underlying the geographic warning signal diversity in the wood tiger moth (Parasemia plantaginis). In the first study, I explored the variation in hindwing warning color frequencies across the distribution of P. plantaginis and the phylogeography of the species. Males have polymorphic hindwing color (yellow or white) across much of their distribution but turn reddish in the Caucasus and mostly white in Japan, which coincide with mitogenetic divergence. Females vary continuously in hindwing warning color between yellow and red, becoming yellow east of the Ural mountain range, but does not correspond to mitogenetic divergence. Post-glacial isolation may be one contributing factor to the genetic divergence and the hindwing warning signal differences in the Caucasus region. In the second study, I found that thermoregulation benefits of melanin can trade-off with a larger more effective warning signal, which contributes to variation in melanization within Europe. In the third study, I found that forewing patterns function as warning signals and that generalization by predators might play an important role in warning signal diversity along with frequency dependent selection. In the fourth chapter, I found three populations in Japan differing in warning signal traits with some gene flow suggesting both selection and isolation may be underlying causes. Overall, my results suggest that historical and abiotic factors contribute to the observed warning signal diversity in P. plantaginis, rather than predation alone. This adds to our understanding of how historical factors along with environmental heterogeneity in biotic and abiotic factors can promote warning signal diversity. My results highlight the need to take an integrated approach to studying geographic diversity in warning signals.

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“…This behavior can be related to the size and shape of the beak and not necessarily related to the chemical composition of the food (Nir et al, 1990). Furthermore, according to Arruda et al, (2008), the birds have a preference for brightly colored foods, such as red and brown, compared to white. In this study, the intake of the extruded food and seed mixture, both of which had brown coloration, was higher than the dry-mashed psittacine diet which had a yellow color.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food preferences of cockatiel chicks ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) in captivity

Naves

Carvalho

Zangerônimo

et al. 2017

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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In order to improve the management and maintenance of the quality of life of captive wild birds, this study aimed to assess the food preferences of cockatiel chicks (Nymphicus hollandicus) kept in captivity. Thirty-two cockatiel chicks, three to 12 months of age, were kept in a galvanized, wire-netted vivarium with six ceramic feeders, two for an extruded diet, two for a dry-mashed diet and two for a seed mixture. Both extruded and drymashed food are commercial psittacine diets. Three round ceramic pots were used to provide water. The birds were exposed to 12 hours of artificial light (40 W incandescent lamps) during the experimental period of 27 days. The birds were observed by video filming, daily, through an ad libitum observation technique. The food consumption was 3.34±0.42g/bird/day of extruded feed, 1.58±0.44g/bird/day of dry-mashed diet and 3.73±0.10g/bird/day of seed mixture. In conclusion, the cockatiel chicks preferred the seed mixture and the extruded food over the dry-mashed diet.Keywords: Animal behavior, psittacines, extruded food, food intake, seeds Palavras-chave: comportamento animal, psitacídeos, ração extrusada, ingestão de alimentos, sementes RESUMO Considerando a busca por melhorias no manejo e na manutenção da qualidade de vida de aves selvagens cativas, este trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação da preferência alimentar de filhotes de calopsitas (Nymphicus hollandicus) mantidos em cativeiro. Trinta e dois filhotes de calopsitas com idade entre três

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Rapid assessment of fruit-color selection by birds using artificial fruits at local scale in Central Amazonia

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Fruit color preference by birds and applications to ecological restoration

Fruit color preference by birds and applications to ecological restoration

Influences of geographic differentiation in the forewing warning signal of the wood tiger moth in Alaska

Food preferences of cockatiel chicks ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) in captivity

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