Rapid and cleaner synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridines in aqueous medium

1, 4-Addition of Terminal Alkynes to Conjugated Enones in Water Using Green Catalyst Bis[(l)prolinato-N,O]Zn—An Environmentally Benign Protocol

“…Among several metals that could be considered suitable for catalysis in water, zinc looks most appealing as it is not redox active because it could accommodate several coordination geometries and it could form stable complexes with nitrogen containing ligands, and also it is found in abundance in the nature. Until now Zn[(L)Proline] 2 has been explored as a powerful catalyst for the few organic reactions, such as aldol reaction [32,33], Hantzsch reaction [34], etc.…”

Zn[(l)proline]2 in water: A new easily accessible and recyclable catalytic system for the synthesis of pyrazoles

“…Zn[(L)proline] 2 is able to catalyze various organic reactions based on its Lewis acid properties. It has been explored as powerful catalyst for different reactions, such as nitro aldol reaction [1] Hantzsch reaction [2], etc.…”

Zn(Proline)2-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation under solvent-free/aqueous conditions and biological evaluation of products

“…As a part of our ongoing research program aimed at developing new catalysts and subsequent application for various organic transformations, we report herein the recently explored Zn(proline) 2 complex as an efficient catalyst in Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Ever since the exploration of water soluble Zn(proline) 2 complex by Darbre's group (Darbre and Machuqueiro, 2003), only few reports have so far appeared employing Zn(proline) 2 as a Lewis acid catalyst for different organic reactions (Kofoed et al, 2004;Sivamurugan et al, 2006;Kofoed et al, 2005;Ruben et al, 2005;Kofoed et al, 2006). Thus, there is a lot of scope to further explore the catalyst for its application in forming various heterocyclic rings.…”