Rapid and automated risk stratification by determination of the aortic stiffness in healthy subjects and subjects with cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Background Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; thus, simple, rapid and preferably automated techniques are indispensable for pursuing a global risk stratification approach. We present an oscillometric technique for determination of the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), including the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, with emphasis on the training curve and procedural duration. Methods In a single-centre crossover study, we evaluated subjects free of known cardiovascular disease (CVD), subjects with CVD and a subgroup of subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD) in terms of ankle-brachial index (ABI) and PWV measurements determined by oscillometry compared to tonometry. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship of the PWV measurements determined by both methods. Moreover, the time and cost of the examinations were compared. Results A total of 176 study subjects underwent assessments to obtain oscillometric and tonometric PWV measurements. The CVD-free subjects ( n = 59) were younger (60.4±15.6 vs. 67.5±12.9 years, p = 0.003) than the subjects with CVD ( n = 117). The PWV measurements showed significant correlations in CVD-free subjects ( r = 0.797, p <0.001), in subjects with CVD ( r = 0.817, p <0.001) and in the subgroup of subjects with PAD ( r = 0.807, p <0.001). The examination duration was shorter for the oscillometric method than the tonometric method (4.4±0.5 vs. 9.2±0.8 min, p <0.001). Conclusion Using a simple and rapid automated oscillometric method, we achieved good diagnostic accuracy for the determination of aortic stiffness through the PWV in both subjects with and without CVD. This method might be helpful in daily practice in terms of saving time and reducing procedural complexity for screening for cardiovascular morbidities and vascular damage in cases of atherosclerosis.

Risk stratification and mortality prediction in octo- and nonagenarians with peripheral artery disease: a retrospective analysis

“…Standard techniques for the determination of peripheral perfusion were applied according to the current guidelines, as previously described [12][13][14]. For the ankle-brachial index (ABI), the systolic blood pressure was assessed using a pneumatic cuff and Doppler measurement at the brachial, dorsalis and posterior tibial arteries (left and right).…”

Oscillometric measurement of the ankle-brachial index and the estimated carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity improves the sensitivity of an automated device in screening peripheral artery disease

“…Upon completion of measuring the ABI in both legs, the device performed the oscillometric measurement of the ecfPWV. Through simultaneous inflation of the upper and lower cuffs, the device determined the pulse transit time between the brachial and tibial arteries by analyzing the oscillometric amplitudes ( 25 ). The pulse transit time is used to calculate the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), from which the cfPWV can be estimated based on the following formula: ecfPWV = 0.833 × baPWV −2.33 (m/s) ( 26 ).…”

Nghiên cứu mối liên quan của Huyết áp Phòng khám và Huyết áp lưu động 24 giờ với chỉ số cứng mạch ở bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp

“…Bảng 1. Phân độ THA theo OBP [ -Độ cứng động mạch đánh giá bằng cách đo vận tốc sóng mạch cánh tay -cá chân (baPWV) và cảnh-đùi (cf PWV) bằng hệ thống BOSO ABI 100 [7]. Đánh giá độ cứng mạch theo khuyến nghị của Hội Tim mạch Châu Âu [6], thông số được…”