Rape and sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a case study of gender-based violence

Banwell, Stacy

doi:10.1080/09589236.2012.726603

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Feminist theorists assert that GBV in armed conflict is primarily based on, and perpetuated by, patriarchy and heterosexual masculine expectations amplified through militarization and expectations of aggression constructed for men, which are challenged, tested, and provoked by male leaders and peers in armed conflict settings (Banwell, 2012). Social constructivists highlight hegemonic masculinity as an organizing structure of power relations, attained through interactions reflecting authority and dominance of others (Leatherman, 2011).…”

Section: Theoretical Framework For Understanding Gbv In Armed Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Based Violence and Armed Conflict

Mootz

Stabb

Mollen

2017

Psychology of Women Quarterly

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The high prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) in armed conflict has been documented in various national contexts, but less is known about the complex pathways that constitute the relation between the two. Employing a community-based collaborative approach, we constructed a community-informed socioecological conceptual model from a feminist perspective, detailing how armed conflict relates to GBV in a conflict-affected rural community in Northeastern Uganda. The research questions were as follows: (1) How does the community conceptualize GBV? and (2) How does armed conflict relate to GBV? Nine focus group discussions divided by gender, age, and profession and six key informant interviews were conducted. Participants’ ages ranged from 9 to 80 years (n =34 girls/women, n = 43 boys/men). Grounded theory was used in analysis. Participants conceptualized eight forms of and 22 interactive variables that contributed to GBV. Armed conflict affected physical violence/quarreling, sexual violence, early marriage, and land grabbing via a direct pathway and four indirect pathways initiated through looting of resources, militarization of the community, death of a parent(s) or husband, and sexual violence. The findings suggest that community, organizational, and policy-level interventions, which include attention to intersecting vulnerabilities for exposure to GBV in conflict-affected settings, should be prioritized. While tertiary psychological interventions with women and girls affected by GBV in these areas should not be eliminated, we suggest that policy makers and members of community and organizational efforts make systemic and structural changes. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/page/pwq/suppl/index

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Section: Theoretical Framework For Understanding Gbv In Armed Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Based Violence and Armed Conflict

Mootz

Stabb

Mollen

2017

Psychology of Women Quarterly

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“…It is not the aim of this article to deny the undeniable achievement of international criminal law and international criminal courts and tribunals in recognizing the use of rape and other forms of sexual violence as a weapon of war, which many feminist scholars underscore its significance (Baaz & Stern, 2009;Banwell, 2014;Copelon, 2000;Leatherman, 2007Leatherman, , 2011MacKinnon, 1994MacKinnon, , 2006MacKinnon, , 2008Meger, 2010;Rittner & Roth, 2012;Stiglmayer, 1994). It is not to suggest that the ICC should enlarge its jurisdiction to cover incidents of sexual assault that occur in situations other than mass scale atrocities either.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The identity of ‘the other’ for sexual violence victims: is there anything new in sexual violence prosecutions before the International Criminal Court?

Turan

2016

Journal of Gender Studies

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Despite the spectacular development in the field of international criminal law, critical feminism stresses the narrow scope of the sex and gender crimes in the Rome Statute establishing the first permanent International Criminal Court. The current international criminal law discourse, as expressed by recent case law, is geared towards the protection of certain groups targeted on account of their distinctiveness within the framework of a conflict situation, and gender is not recognized as one of these group identities. The question whether international criminal law on sexual violence applies only to inter-group conflicts brings to the fore an uneasy likelihood of exclusion of some recently emergent situations where identities of the conflicting parties transcend a particular ethnicity or nationality, and where victims of sexual violence belong to the same group as their perpetrators. The article argues that, rather than the Rome Statute or newly introduced rules and regulations, a significant obstacle in developing gender justice is the narrow interpretation of sexual violence to inter-group hostilities.

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“…A sampling of topics included sexual assault of college women in the UK, marital rape in Nigeria, war-related rape in the Congo, violence against sex workers in Ethiopia, female genital mutilation in the African Sudanic belt, honor killings in Iraq, and sexual victimization of Asian American women (Banwell, 2012;Chika, 2011;Hague, Gill, & Begikhani, 2012;Kedir & Admasachew, 2010;Lee & Law, 2001;Phipps & Smith, 2012;Wilson, 2012). Once again, in perusing these articles I found eloquent authors and impressive research.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Editorial: Violence Against Women Across the Globe

Thomas¹

2013

Issues in Mental Health Nursing

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Rape and sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a case study of gender-based violence

Cited by 42 publications

References 20 publications

Gender-Based Violence and Armed Conflict

Gender-Based Violence and Armed Conflict

The identity of ‘the other’ for sexual violence victims: is there anything new in sexual violence prosecutions before the International Criminal Court?

Editorial: Violence Against Women Across the Globe

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