RANKL expression in rat periodontal ligament subjected to a continuous orthodontic force

Kim, Takenori; Handa, Asako; Iida, Junichiro; Yoshida, Shigemitsu

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2006.10.003

Cited by 58 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…22,23 Other groups have noted the in vivo expression of RANKL by PDL cells through immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in the compression side after one day of orthodontic force, but did not look at earlier time points. 5,14 In our model, we see RANKL expression after only 3 hours of force. After 24 hours, however, the ligand is no longer expressed, likely due to interaction with RANK or release of the ligand into the extracellular matrix.…”

Section: The Rat Otm Model Accurately Replicates the Cellular And Molmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Markers of Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Brooks

Nilforoushan

Manolson

et al. 2009

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To understand the molecular basis of early orthodontic tooth movement by looking at the expression of KI-67, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (RANKL) proteins. Materials and Methods:We employed a rat model of early orthodontic tooth movement using a split-mouth design (where contralateral side serves as a control) and performed immunohistochemical staining to map the spatial expression patterns of three proteins at 3 and 24 hours after appliance insertion. Results: We observed increased expression of KI-67, a proliferation marker, and RANKL, a molecule associated with osteoclastic differentiation, in the compression sites of the periodontal ligament subjected to 3 hours of force. In contrast, there was increased expression of KI-67 and Runx2, a marker of osteoblast precursors, in tension areas after 24 hours of force. Decreased KI-67 expression in the mesial and distal regions of the periodontal ligament was observed at the midpoint of the tooth root. Conclusions:The early RANKL expression indicates that at this early stage cells are involved in osteoclast precursor signaling. Also, decreased KI-67 expression found near the midpoint of the tooth root is believed to represent the center of rotation, providing a molecular means of visualizing mechanical loading patterns.

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Section: The Rat Otm Model Accurately Replicates the Cellular And Molmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14][15] Our hypothesis is that mechanical loading on a tooth will activate proliferation of PDL cells and specific gene products within the PDL in the early phases of OTM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Markers of Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Brooks

Nilforoushan

Manolson

et al. 2009

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…In addition, the GCF level of PGE 2 reflect the biologic activity in periodontium during orthodontic tooth movement, and it is significantly higher in both tension and compression sides [22]. tension areas is indicated by Runx2 [1], 3.6Col1-GFP, and BSP-GFP expression cells [23], whereas KI-67 and RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand) [24,25] indicate the recruitment of osteoclasts in compression areas. Of note, the TNF-related ligand, RANKL and its decoy receptor, RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factorkappaB), and Osteoprotegerin (OPG) were found to play important roles in bone metabolism regulation.…”

Section: Proinflammatory Cytokines: Interleukin-1 (Il-1 ) Interleukimentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Periodontal Tissue Remodeling during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice and Men: Overview and Clinical Relevance

d’Apuzzo¹,

Nucci²,

Jamilian³

et al. 2017

Periodontitis - A Useful Reference

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Biologically active substances are expressed by cells within the periodontium in response to mechanical stimuli from orthodontic appliances. Several possible biomarkers representing biological modifications during specific phenomena as simile-inflammatory process, bone resorption and formation, periodontal ligament changes, and vascular and neural responses are proposed. Citations to potentially published trials were conducted by searching PubMed, Cochrane databases, and scientific textbooks. Additionally, hand searching and contact with experts in the area were undertaken to identify potentially relevant published and unpublished studies. Selection criteria were as follows: animal models involving only mice and rats undergoing orthodontic treatment; collection of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) as a noninvasively procedure for humans; no other simultaneous treatment that could affect experimental orthodontic movement. The data suggest that knowledge of the remodeling process occurring in periodontal tissues during orthodontic and orthopedic therapies may be a clinical usefulness procedure leading to proper choice of mechanical stress to improve and to shorten the period of treatment, avoiding adverse consequences. The relevance for clinicians of evaluating the rate of some substances as valid biomarkers of periodontal effects during orthodontic movement, by means of two models of study, mice and men, is underlined.

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“…In addition, only two time intervals were evaluated-baseline and 7 days for the control sites, and 24 hours and 7 days for the test sites-because these time points were used in similar studies and provided the most significant changes for other biochemical factors. 2,5,6 Although this is a limitation of the study, the fact that the control-site values remained stable during the study, considering both time and tooth aspects (buccal and lingual), could reduce this shortcoming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Using both in vivo [2][3][4][5] and in vitro 6,7 studies, investigators have tried to elucidate the molecular patterns associated with orthodontic tooth movements in animals and humans. As a result, signaling pathways responsible for bone resorption and bone formation have recently been elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical markers of bone metabolism in gingival crevicular fluid during early orthodontic tooth movement

Barbieri

Solano

Alarcón

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To evaluate the expression of an activator of nuclear factor-kappa (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin (OPN), and transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF-ß1) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of teeth subjected to orthodontic forces. Materials and Methods: A randomized, pilot clinical trial including 10 healthy volunteers was conducted using a split-mouth design. Orthodontic elastic separators were placed between the second premolar and first molar, with the contralateral quadrant serving as a control. The GCF samples were collected from the tension and compression sites at baseline, 24 hours, and 7 days after the placement of separators. The GCF sample volumes were measured using a Periotron 8000, and total protein concentrations were determined. Levels of RANK, OPG, OPN, and TGF-ß1 were also analyzed using a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The control sites remained unchanged throughout the study. In contrast, the concentration of OPG significantly decreased at the compression site by 24 hours, and the amount and concentration of RANK differed significantly between the control, compression, and tension sites after 7 days. A significant increase in absolute TGF-ß1 levels was also detected at the compression site versus the control and tension sites after 7 days. Conclusion: Bone metabolism is affected by application of force to the teeth by elastic separators. Both increased expression of bone resorptive mediators (eg, RANK and TGF-ß1) and decreased expression of a bone-forming mediator (eg, OPG) on the compression side were detected. (Angle

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RANKL expression in rat periodontal ligament subjected to a continuous orthodontic force

Cited by 58 publications

References 27 publications

Molecular Markers of Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Molecular Markers of Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Biomarkers of Periodontal Tissue Remodeling during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice and Men: Overview and Clinical Relevance

Biochemical markers of bone metabolism in gingival crevicular fluid during early orthodontic tooth movement

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