2017
DOI: 10.1002/dev.21555
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Rank acquisition in rhesus macaque yearlings following permanent maternal separation: The importance of the social and physical environment

Abstract: Rank acquisition is a developmental milestone for young primates, but the processes by which primate yearlings attain social rank in the absence of the mother remain unclear. We studied 18 maternally reared yearling rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) that differed in their social and physical rearing environments. We found that early social experience and maternal rank, but not individual traits (weight, sex, age), predicted dominance acquisition in the new peer-only social group. Yearlings also used coalitions … Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(40 citation statements)
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“…Our results provide preliminary evidence that maternal rank inheritance persists for mother‐reared individuals initially reared together. This finding is similar to previous studies indicating that infants reared in large multigenerational groups obtained identical relative ranks as their mothers following separation (Wooddell et al., ), even following social instability, suggesting that their relative ranks were socially transmitted early in development (i.e., within the first 8 months of life) and persistent. Given that social status is a characteristic of relationships, it is possible that early relationships in infancy may be maintained through at least juvenility.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Our results provide preliminary evidence that maternal rank inheritance persists for mother‐reared individuals initially reared together. This finding is similar to previous studies indicating that infants reared in large multigenerational groups obtained identical relative ranks as their mothers following separation (Wooddell et al., ), even following social instability, suggesting that their relative ranks were socially transmitted early in development (i.e., within the first 8 months of life) and persistent. Given that social status is a characteristic of relationships, it is possible that early relationships in infancy may be maintained through at least juvenility.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…However, not all mother‐reared subjects were reared in the same harem groups in infancy ( N = 5 different groups), thus providing no social experience with the other mothers in the other rearing groups. This experience with the other mothers may be an important requisite for acquisition of relative status (Wooddell et al., ). When we examined mother‐reared dyads that were reared together in infancy, 8/10 (80%) of their dyadic statuses were predicted by their mothers’ dyadic statuses, which is greater than what could be expected by chance (one sample t test: t 9 = 2.25, p = 0.05, d = 0.71).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because the ␣S T:M ratio is increasingly recognized as a relevant measure of ␣S pathology (Wooddell et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2018;Nuber et al, 2018;Fanning et al, 2019), we analyzed the potential hormone regulation on this ␣S homeostasis. Although we observed a statistically nonsignificant trend toward the ␣S60 tetramer level, female estrogen significantly increased 3K ␣S tetramerization toward the physiological T:M ratio of phenotypically normal WT mice while displaying lesser ␣S14 monomer signals at the Triton X-100-soluble membrane fraction.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second, unlike mother‐reared infants, nursery‐reared monkeys showed no effects of maternal dominance rank on looking patterns. Even though dominance rank can affect monkeys’ behavioral tendencies and glucocorticoid regulation (Kohn, Snyder‐Mackler, Barreiro, Johnson, Tung, & Wilson, ), immune regulation (Snyder‐Mackler et al, ), learning (Bunnell, Kenshalo Jr, Allen, Manning & Sodetz, ), and even epigenetic changes during prenatal development (Massart, Suderman, Nemoda, Sutti, Ruggiero, Dettmer, Suomi, & Szyf, ), this lack of an effect for dominance rank in nursery‐reared monkeys in the current study suggests that: 1) postnatal rank inheritance is more of a social rather than a biological construct (Wooddell, Kaburu, Murphy, Suomi, & Dettmer, ) and 2) facial processing may be influenced by social rather than biological mechanisms, particularly via interactions with the mother or caregiver.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%