Range extension of Ferguson’s Toad Duttaphrynus scaber (Schneider) (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae) up to the northern most limit of Western Ghats, with its advertisement call analysis

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“…The spectrogram showed that this species emits low to medium pitched call ranged from 1 to 3.5 kHz (Figure 7(c)). The frequency range is somewhat similar to that of Duttaphrynus scaber from Western Ghat (Padhye et al 2013). D. scaber which is smaller in size has a higher frequency range, from 2.5 to 4.5 kHz; with similar call pattern as D. melanostictus.…”

Records of two toads Duttaphrynus scaber and D. stomaticus (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae) from southeastern India

“…This means that three different species groups -D. melanostictus group, D. scaber group and D. stomaticus group are widely distributed in India (Dubois & Ohler 1999;Bocxlaer et al 2009), with at least one species in each group. Recent records of D. scaber from northern Western Ghats by Padhye et al (2013) stressed the fact that precise records are more from the Western Ghats, including historical record of Trevandrum (Boulenger 1892) and their report from Thrissur. As recent publications from southeastern India (Ganesh & Chandramouli 2007;Nath et al 2012) are not based on voucher specimens, authors in general have not been unequivocal about the reports of D. scaber from southeastern India.…”

“…In the adjacent island of Sri Lanka, D. scaber has remained relatively better-studied (Bogert & Senanayake 1966;Manamendra-Arachchi & Pethiyagoda 1998;Jayawardena et al 2017), compared to India. Recently, Padhye et al (2013) reported it from northern Western Ghats, based on both morphological and molecular data. But unfortunately, past reports of this species from Kadayam in southern Western Ghats foothills (Vijayakumar 2002), Chengelpet (Das & Martin 1998), and Mayiladuthurai (Ganesh & Chandramouli 2007;Nath et al 2012) in Coromandel Coastal Plains were missed, although historical reports from nearby localities were mentioned (Boulenger 1892;Rao 1915).…”

New regional record and notes on historical specimens of Günther’s Toad Duttaphrynus hololius with comments on other southeastern Indian congeners

“…Our critical examination of captioned-photographs of southern Indian 'D. stomaticus' in such publications revealed that these were cases of misidentification of D. scaber (Schneider, 1799), which seem more widely distributed in western region of peninsular India (Padhye et al 2013). We, herein, remove D. 'stomaticus' sensu Gururaja (2012), Hegde (2012) and Seshadri et al (2012) from the chresonymy of D. stomaticus sensu stricto and based on crown structure, densely warted and depressed body (see Dubois & Ohler 1999 for more details) refer them to that of D. scaber (Image 5), a species belonging to a different species-group (after Dubois & Ohler 1999) when compared with D. stomaticus and D. hololius (see Dubois & Ohler 1999;Boxclaer et al 2009read with Chandramouli et al 2011.…”