Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.

He heads the research laboratory at Osmania University that focuses on biodiversity inventorying, conservation, ecology and animal taxonomy (including bats) with special reference to Eastern Ghats and Godavari River basin in Andhra Pradesh.

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InTRoduCTIonThe Indian Golden Gecko Calodactylodes aureus (Beddome, 1870) was rediscovered in 1986 after more than 100 years (Daniel et al. 1986;Russell & Bauer 1989). The genus Calodactylodes (Beddome, 1870) is restricted to tropical South Asia and is represented by two species: the Indian Golden Gecko Calodactylodes aureus (Beddome, 1870) and the Sri Lankan Golden Gecko Calodactylodes illingworthorum (Deraniyagala, 1953). The Indian Golden Gecko is distributed along the coastal hills of Andhra Pradesh, southern Chhattisgarh, southern Orissa and northern Tamil Nadu regions of India (

Here we present the first report of the occurrence of an endemic and little known colubrid, Sharma's racer Coluber bholanathi Sharma, 1976, from the urban conglomerate of Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, with a description of the male specimen including details on the hemipeneal structure.