Randomized double-masked trial of eyelid cleansing treatments for blepharitis

Sung, Justin; Wang, Michael T.M.; Lee, Sang H.; Cheung, Isabella M.Y.; Ismail, Salim; Sherwin, Trevor; Craig, Jennifer P.

doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2017.10.005

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…An independent observer then evaluated right-eye ocular surface parameters using a keratograph (OCULUS Keratograph 5M; OCULUS Inc) and measured the tear film osmolarity of both eyes (TearLab Osmometer; TearLab Corporation). 3 The presence of clinical signs of dry eye disease was assessed according to the homeostasis markers arm of the TFOS DEWS II dry eye diagnostic criteria: noninvasive tear film breakup time less than 10 seconds; tear film osmolarity 308 mOsm/L or greater; interocular difference in osmolarity greater than 8 mOsm/L; more than 5 corneal staining spots; more than 9 conjunctival staining spots; or eyelid margin staining 2 mm or greater in length and 25% or greater in width. 1 Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to compare the discriminative ability of the questionnaires in detecting objective signs of dry eye disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of 5 Validated Symptom Questionnaires as Screening Instruments for Dry Eye Disease

2019

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Dry eye disease is a complex heterogeneous and multifactorial condition. 1 Validated questionnaires are frequently used to screen for dry eye symptoms before assessing tear film homeostasis markers. 1 Recently, the international Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II (TFOS DEWS II) recommended the use of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and 5-item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) as part of the dry eye diagnostic criteria. 1 This prospective, investigatormasked, diagnostic accuracy study sought to compare the discriminative ability of the OSDI, DEQ-5, McMonnies Dry Eye Questionnaire, Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (SANDE), and Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaires in detecting objective signs of dry eye disease.

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of 5 Validated Symptom Questionnaires as Screening Instruments for Dry Eye Disease

2019

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“…To study self-care management for DED, the self-care methods that participants used when they felt dry eye symptoms were evaluated. The self-care methods used in the questions were as follows: use of over-the-counter eye drops [15], increase in blinking [16], use protection glasses from dryness [17], use of a warm compress [18], sleeping longer [19], exercise [20], use of oral supplements [15], deep, relaxing breathing [21], and improved eyelid hygiene using eye shampoo [22]. The questions could be answered “yes” or “no”.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Individuals with Dry Eye Symptoms without Clinical Diagnosis: Analysis of a Web-Based Survey

Yamanishi

Uchino

Kawashima

et al. 2019

JCM

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Currently, the available treatment for dry eye disease (DED) varies. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of undiagnosed DED and patient-based self-care management for DED based on a web-based survey performed for Tear’s Day in Japan; 1030 participants (301 women) responded; 155 participants (72 women) had a clinical diagnosis of DED. We defined undiagnosed DED (n = 116; 54 women) as those with DED symptoms, as evaluated by a frequently used questionnaire despite not having a clinical diagnosis. A multivariate adjusted model indicated that younger age (odds ratio (OR), 0.97 for each one-year decrease; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.95–0.99), female sex (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.28–3.50), and prolonged visual display terminal usage (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04–1.21) were risk factors for undiagnosed DED. To investigate the efficacy of self-care management for DED, a sub-analysis was conducted. The number of self-care methods used was significantly higher among women than men. For undiagnosed DED, those with less than three self-care methods had a significantly worse Dry Eye-related Quality-of-Life Score compared with those with diagnosed DED. This study revealed risk factors for undiagnosed DED; individuals with those risk factors need to be clinically assessed and should not rely solely on self-care.

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“…Conventionally, treatment for dry eye disease secondary to blepharitis, including meibomian gland dysfunction, involves a combination of heat therapy, massage, lid margin hygiene, [31][32][33] as well as artificial tear supplements that offer mostly palliative relief, and possible benefits are often limited by poor patient compliance. [34][35][36] Other management options for meibomian gland dysfunction include topical antibiotics 37 and topical cyclosporine, 38,39 while tea tree oil and ivermectin 40 have demonstrated antidemodectic properties.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of castor oil in managing blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye

Sandford

Müntz

Craig

2021

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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The multifactorial pathogenesis and interrelationship of blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye disease poses challenges to any therapeutic approach. Current treatments are mostly palliative, with success limited by perceived inefficacy and poor patient compliance. Castor oil, a natural derivative of the Ricinus communis plant, is widely used as an emollient in cosmetics and personal care products, drug delivery systems and wound dressings. Castor oil is deemed safe and tolerable, with strong anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, analgesic, antioxidant, wound healing and vaso-constrictive properties. Its main constituent, ricinoleic acid, has a bipolar molecular structure that promotes the formation of esters, amides and polymers. These can supplement deficient physiological tear film lipids, enabling enhanced lipid spreading characteristics and reducing aqueous tear evaporation. Studies reveal that castor oil applied topically to the ocular surface has a prolonged residence time, facilitating increased tear film lipid layer thickness, stability, improved ocular surface staining and symptoms. This review summarises the properties, current uses of, and therapeutic potential of castor oil in managing ocular surface disease. The biochemical, medicinal actions of castor oil are explored from the perspective of ocular surface pathology, and include microbial and demodectic over-colonisation, inflammatory and oxidative processes, as well as clinical signs and symptoms of dryness and discomfort.

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Randomized double-masked trial of eyelid cleansing treatments for blepharitis

Cited by 44 publications

References 29 publications

Comparative Evaluation of 5 Validated Symptom Questionnaires as Screening Instruments for Dry Eye Disease

Comparative Evaluation of 5 Validated Symptom Questionnaires as Screening Instruments for Dry Eye Disease

Characteristics of Individuals with Dry Eye Symptoms without Clinical Diagnosis: Analysis of a Web-Based Survey

Therapeutic potential of castor oil in managing blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye

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