Randomised controlled trial of a service brokerage intervention for ex-prisoners in Australia

Kinner, Stuart A; Lennox, Nicholas; Williams, Gail M.; Carroll, Matthew S.; Quinn, Brendan; Boyle, Frances M.; Alati, Rosa

doi:10.1016/j.cct.2013.07.001

Cited by 63 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…70 A similar trial is currently underway in Australia. 71 Notably, frequency of ED use was not associated with length of time of index detention or total duration of re-incarceration, and thus may point out that simply the act of being re-incarcerated and subsequently released again to the same socially vulnerable environment may contribute to increased ED use. Disturbingly, the finding that the 18 subjects who visited the ED six or more times had a reincarceration rate of 78 % at 1 year would seem to support that hypothesis, and at a minimum, serves as a target for intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Emergency Department Use among HIV-Infected Released Jail Detainees

Boyd

Song²,

Meyer

et al. 2014

J Urban Health

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Release from short-term jail detention is highly destabilizing, associated with relapse to substance use, recidivism, and disrupted health care continuity. Little is known about emergency department (ED) use, potentially a surrogate for medical, psychiatric, or social instability, by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) leaving jails. All ED visits were reviewed from medical records for a cohort of 109 PLHWA in the year following release from county jail in Connecticut, between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2010. Primary outcomes were frequency and timing of ED visits, modeled using multivariate negative binomial regression and Cox proportional hazards regression, respectively. Demographic, substance use, and psychiatric disorder severity factors were evaluated as potential covariates. . Those in late or sustained HIV care used the ED sooner than those not retained in HIV primary care (median for late retention 16.3 days, median for sustained retention 24.9 days, median for no retention not reached at 12 months, p value 0.004). Using multivariate modeling, those who used the ED earliest upon release were more likely to be homeless ]), to be retained in HIV care ), and to have recently used drugs ), yet had a low lifetime drug severity (HR 0.01 [0.00-0.14]). Among PLWHA released from jail, frequency of ED use is high, often soon after release, and is associated with social and drug-related destabilizing factors. Future interventions for this specific population should focus on addressing these resource gaps, ensuring housing, and establishing immediate linkage to HIV primary care after release from jail.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Emergency Department Use among HIV-Infected Released Jail Detainees

Boyd

Song²,

Meyer

et al. 2014

J Urban Health

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“…32,50 Other studies have also noted high rates of death due to HIV and hepatitis C, 32,33 each of which caused 2% of deaths in this cohort. That notwithstanding, the increased risk of death due to almost all causes and behavioural risk factors (Table 2) compared with the general population indicates that upstream and broad interventions are also needed for this population, 8 for example, programs focused on behavioural factors such as smoking and alcohol use, 51 release planning and the provision of case management at the time of release, 52 and improving linkage with and access to primary care. 53 Recognizing that competing causes of death likely contribute to an underestimate of the risk of death for any specific cause examined, such interventions have the potential to narrow the large gap in mortality between people who experience incarceration and the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality over 12 years of follow-up in people admitted to provincial custody in Ontario: a retrospective cohort study

et al. 2016

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Background:We aimed to define rates and causes of death in custody and after release in people admitted to provincial custody in Ontario, and to compare these data with data for the general population. Methods:We linked data on adults admitted to provincial custody in Ontario in 2000 with data on deaths between 2000 and 2012. We examined rates and causes of death by age, sex, custodial status and period after release, and compared them with data for the general population, using indirect adjustment for age.Results: Between 2000 and 2012, 8.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.3%-8.8%) of those incarcerated died in provincial custody or after release. The crude death rate was 7.1 (95% CI 6.9-7.3) per 1000 person-years. The standardized mortality ratio for those incarcerated in 2000 was 4.0 (95% CI 3.9-4.1) overall and 1.9 (95% CI 1.5-2.4) while in provincial custody. The most common causes of death were injury and poisoning (38.2% of all deaths), including overdose (13.6%) and suicide (8.2%), diseases of the circulatory system (15.8%) and neoplasms (14.5%). In the 2 weeks after release, the standardized mortality ratio was 5.7 overall and 56.0 for overdose. Life expectancy was 72.3 years for women and 73.4 for men who experienced incarceration in 2000. Interpretation:Mortality was high for people who experienced incarceration, and life expectancy was 4.2 years less for men and 10.6 years less for women compared with the general population. Efforts should be made to reduce the gap in mortality between people who experience incarceration and those who do not. Time in custody could serve as an opportunity to intervene to decrease risk. Abstract Research CMAJ OPEN E154CMAJ OPEN, 4(2) sentenced) or incarcerated (i.e., sentenced); in this article we use the term incarcerated to represent both of these groups.

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“…The participants were 1325 adult prisoners recruited to the Passports study 33,34 -a randomized controlled trial of a service brokerage intervention, but here analyzed as a cohort study -within 6 weeks of expected release from 1 of 7 prisons in Queensland. Trained researchers, independent of Queensland Corrective Services, obtained a list of all potentially eligible participants for each prison.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Passports study is described in greater detail elsewhere. 33,34 Administrative and clinical data…”

Section: Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy and predictive value of incarcerated adults' accounts of their self-harm histories: findings froman Australian prospective data linkage study

et al. 2017

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Randomised controlled trial of a service brokerage intervention for ex-prisoners in Australia

Abstract: Outcomes from this large RCT will provide the first robust evidence of the effect of service brokerage on health service utilisation and health outcomes for ex-prisoners.

Cited by 63 publications

References 43 publications

Emergency Department Use among HIV-Infected Released Jail Detainees

Emergency Department Use among HIV-Infected Released Jail Detainees

Mortality over 12 years of follow-up in people admitted to provincial custody in Ontario: a retrospective cohort study

Accuracy and predictive value of incarcerated adults' accounts of their self-harm histories: findings froman Australian prospective data linkage study

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