Ramp and step increases in shear stress result in a similar magnitude of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation

Tremblay, Joshua C.; Williams, Jennifer S.; Pyke, Kyra E.

doi:10.1007/s00421-018-4049-y

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…() and Tremblay et al. () (data not shown), whereas only HGEX surpassed the threshold SS value posited by Kelly and Snow () in their animal study. It is also possible that endothelial function abides by both principles (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Wray et al. () had participants perform progressive handgrip exercise at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 kg in 3 min stages and observed that BA vasodilatation occurred at a mean SR of ∼250 s −1 during the 16 kg stage; a more recent study by Tremblay, Williams, and Pyke () demonstrated a similar SR threshold for vasodilatation of 285 ± 69 s −1 using a handgrip exercise ramp protocol. Kelly and Snow () experimented with different flow amplitudes through porcine iliac arteries and concluded that a threshold SS equivalent to 44.9 dyn cm −2 was necessary to elicit an increase in arterial diameter (Kelly & Snow, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Peripheral artery endothelial function responses to altered shear stress patterns in humans

Cheng

MacDonald

2019

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of this study?What is the effect of altered shear stress pattern, with or without concurrent neurohumoral and metabolic activation, on the acute endothelial function response assessed via brachial artery flow‐mediated dilatation? What is the main finding and its importance?Despite generating distinctive shear stress patterns (i.e. increases in anterograde only, anterograde only with neurohumoral and metabolic activation, and both anterograde and retrograde), similar acute improvements were observed in the brachial artery flow‐mediated dilatation response in all conditions, indicating that anterograde and/or turbulent shear stress might be the essential element to induce acute increases in endothelial function. Abstract Endothelial function is influenced by both the direction and the magnitude of shear stress. Acute improvements in endothelial function have mostly been attributed to increased anterograde shear, whereas results from many interventional models in humans suggest that enhancing shear stress in an oscillatory manner (anterograde and retrograde) might be optimal. Here, we determined the acute brachial artery shear stress (SS) and flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) responses to three shear‐altering interventions [passive heat stress (HEAT), mechanical forearm compression (CUFF) and handgrip exercise (HGEX)] and examined the relationship between changes in oscillatory shear index (OSI) and changes in FMD. During separate visits, 10 young healthy men (22 ± 3 years old) underwent 10 min of HEAT, CUFF or HGEX in their left forearm. Anterograde and retrograde SS, Reynolds number, OSI and FMD were assessed at rest and during/after each intervention. Anterograde SS increased during all interventions in a stepwise manner (P < 0.05 between interventions), with the change in HGEX (∆37.7 ± 12.2 dyn cm−2, P < 0.05) > CUFF (∆25.1 ± 11.9 dyn cm−2, P < 0.05) > HEAT (∆14.5 ± 7.9 dyn cm−2, P < 0.05). Retrograde SS increased during CUFF (∆−19.6 ± 4.3 dyn cm−2, P < 0.05). Anterograde blood flow was turbulent (i.e. Reynolds number ≥ |2000|) during all interventions (P < 0.05). The relative FMD improved after all interventions (P = 0.01), and there was no relationship between ∆OSI and ∆FMD. We elicited changes in SS profiles including increased anterograde SS (HEAT and HGEX) and both increased anterograde and retrograde SS (CUFF); regardless of the SS pattern, FMD improved to the same extent. These findings suggest that the presence of anterograde and/or turbulent SS might be the key to optimizing endothelial function in acute assessment protocols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Peripheral artery endothelial function responses to altered shear stress patterns in humans

Cheng

MacDonald

2019

Experimental Physiology

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“…Carter et al 2013) or to various stimuli within arteries (e.g. Carter et al 2014;Tremblay et al 2019). However, in the cerebrovasculature, where uninterrupted blood flow is crucial, a post-occlusion reactive hyperaemia experimental model is clearly not feasible (Rossen et al 1943).…”

Section: Experimental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal carotid and brachial artery shear‐dependent vasodilator function in young healthy humans

Carr

Hoiland

Caldwell

et al. 2020

The Journal of Physiology

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Brachial artery (BA) shear-mediated dilatation is a widely used assessment of vascular function with links to coronary artery health and cardiovascular risk. r Cerebral vascular health is often interrogated using cerebrovascular (middle cerebral artery velocity) reactivity to carbon dioxide. r We show that endothelium-dependent diameter (dilator) responses are not significantly related between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and BA; nor are endothelium-independent responses. r Additionally, ICA endothelium-dependent responses are not related to middle cerebral artery velocity or ICA blood flow reactivity responses to carbon dioxide. r Therefore, assessment of large extracranial cerebral artery vascular health should be quantified via methods specific to the vessel, not via peripheral endothelial function or cerebrovascular reactivity to carbon dioxide.

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“…It is noteworthy that this higher ICA SR did not decrease acutely and was maintained for a while from the high to low workload or the recovery period (Figure 3). In contrast, in the peripheral artery, aerobic interval exercise increased an oscillation in the SR, indicating that the response of the SR to changes in the exercise strength is quicker than that of the cerebrovascular SR (Lyall et al, 2019; Tremblay et al, 2019). In the cerebral vasculature, likely, this slow SR response to change in the perfusion pressure may be associated with the cerebral autoregulation that compensates the acute change in arterial BP for maintaining cerebral blood flow relatively even during exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater increase in internal carotid artery shear rate during aerobic interval compared to continuous exercise in healthy adult men

et al. 2021

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Ramp and step increases in shear stress result in a similar magnitude of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Peripheral artery endothelial function responses to altered shear stress patterns in humans

Peripheral artery endothelial function responses to altered shear stress patterns in humans

Internal carotid and brachial artery shear‐dependent vasodilator function in young healthy humans

Greater increase in internal carotid artery shear rate during aerobic interval compared to continuous exercise in healthy adult men

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