Benefiting
from the merits of high stability and superior activity,
nanozymes are recognized as promising alternatives to natural enzymes.
Despite the great leaps in the field of therapy and colorimetric sensing,
the development of highly sensitive nanozyme-involved photoelectrochemical
(PEC) biosensors is still in its infancy. Specifically, the investigation
of multifunctional nanozymes facilitating different catalytic reactions
remains largely unexplored due to the difficulty in synergistically
amplifying the PEC signals. In this work, mesoporous trimetallic AuPtPd
nanospheres were synthesized with both efficient oxidase and peroxidase-like
activities, which can synergistically catalyze the oxidation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol
to produce benzo-4-chlorohexadienone precipitation on the surface
of photoactive materials, and thus lead to the decreased photocurrent
as well as increased charge-transfer resistance. Inspired by the proton-dependent
catalytic activity of nanozymes, a self-regulated dual-modal PEC and
electrochemical bioassay of urease activity was innovatively established
by in situ regulating the activity of AuPtPd nanozymes through urease-mediated
proton-consuming enzymatic reactions, which can remarkably improve
the accuracy of the assay. Meanwhile, the determination of urease
activity in spiked human saliva samples was successfully realized,
indicating the reliability of the biosensor and its application prospects
in clinical diagnosis.