Raman scattering study of rutile SnO2 nanobelts synthesized by thermal evaporation of Sn powders

Rice Husk Reuse in the Preparation of SnO2/SiO2Nanocomposite

“…The effects of particle size and disorder in the material lead to a relaxation of the Raman selection rule, and some modes that are usually inactive in Raman become actives. Furthermore, the peaks at 242 cm -1 , 347 cm -1 , 540 cm -1 and 681 cm -1 were assigned to optical phonon modes of SnO 2 , E u (1) TO, E u (2) LO, A 2u TO and A 2u LO of SnO 2 , where LO and TO are longitudinal and transverse optical phonons, respectively 34,[38][39][40] . Peaks at 1354 and 1587 cm -1 are termed D and G bands, respectively 41 , and confirm the presence of amorphous carbon that is typical of the temperature and of the sol-gel route used for obtain the nanocomposite.…”

Novel Pressure-Induced Structural Transformations of Inorganic Nanowires

“…Additional weak Raman bands at 500 cm -1 and 692 cm -1 can be assigned as A 2u (TO) and A 2u (LO) modes, both of which are IR active, whereas the band at 544 cm -1 was a Raman forbidden B 1u mode. These abnormal Raman bands are characteristic of SnO 2 nanobelts and are not observed in the Raman spectrum of bulk SnO 2 (Sun et al, 2003). Four additional Raman active modes were observed below 300 cm -1 (not shown here), which can be attributed to the impurities of the substoichiometric Sn 2 O 3 /Sn 3 O 4 phases in the synthetic process .…”

“…4 (Sun et al, 2003). Additional weak Raman bands at 500 cm -1 and 692 cm -1 can be assigned as A 2u (TO) and A 2u (LO) modes, both of which are IR active, whereas the band at 544 cm -1 was a Raman forbidden B 1u mode.…”

“…Therefore, many nanostructured SnO 2 of different morphologies, including nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods and nanobelts, have been synthesized and their optical and electrochemical properties evaluated. Spectroscopic studies such as Raman measurements (Sun et al, 2003) and photoluminescence show that SnO 2 nanobelts exhibit unique optical properties that are different than those from bulk materials. These recent studies motivated us to undertake the high-pressure investigations on the behaviors of one-dimensional nanostructured SnO 2 , resulting in the observation of novel, and unexpected nano-effects.…”

Tailoring electrical property of the low-temperature processed SnO2 for high-performance perovskite solar cells

“…In Fig. 2b, the peaks around 26.5°, 34.0°and 51.9°were corresponding to the (110), (101) and (211) diffraction planes of tetragonal rutile SnO 2 (JCPDS 21-1250), respectively [38]. With the doping of Nb 5+ , the peak slightly shifted to lower 2θ values, which indicated the lattice shrinkage due to the slightly larger radius of Nb 5+ compared to Sn 4+ [32].…”