Raman lidar system for hydrogen gas detection

Ninomiya, Hideki; Yaeshima, Saeko; Ichikawa, Kouji; Fukuchi, Tetsuo

doi:10.1117/1.2784757

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The pump wavelength is 532 nm Rotational Raman frequencies Ω r of molecular systems are much lower than Ω v , with the Ω r /Ω v ratio scaling roughly as (m/M ) 1/2 with the ratio of the electron mass m to the relevant atomic mass M . Purely rotational spontaneous Raman scattering is widely used for a lidar remote sensing of the atmosphere [24][25][26]. The coherent regime of Raman scattering would radically enhance the Raman signal return due to a higher directionality and a higher magnitude of the coherent Raman response.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Raman Umklappscattering

et al. 2011

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It is established industrial practice to use the correspondence between partial least squares (PLS) scores and loadings or loading weights as a means for process monitoring and control. Deviations from the normal operating point in a score plot are then related to the influences from major process variables as shown in a loading or loading weight plot. These relations are often presented in a bi‐plot, i.e. appropriately scaled scores and loadings or loading weights are displayed in the same plot. As shown in the present paper, however, the orthogonal PLS algorithm of Wold gives no direct theoretical and graphical correspondence, i.e. the bi‐plot will show an angle deviation that causes an interpretational problem. The alternative non‐orthogonal PLS algorithm of Martens gives direct correspondence, but the correlated latent variables may then cause another interpretational problem. As a solution to these problems, this paper presents a PLS factorization where both scores and loadings are orthogonal (BPLS), and we show how the Wold and Martens factorizations can easily be transformed to this solution. The result is independent latent variables as well as direct score and loading correspondence. It is also shown that the transformations involved do not affect the predictor found by PLS regression. The score–loading correspondence properties for the different PLS factorizations are discussed using principal component analysis (PCA) as a reference case. An example using industrial paper plant data is included. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Raman Umklappscattering

et al. 2011

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“…The lidar echo is inversely proportional to the distance to the power of square. But the above intensity ratio cancels the intensity decrease [6].…”

Section: Compact Raman Lidarmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…To prevent the explosion accident of hydrogen gas, the sensor should detect the target gas of the low concentration of 1/4 of the explosion limit. In the case of hydrogen gas, its concentration is 1% [6][7][8]. The optical intensity of the lidar transmitter is designed to be safe for human eye and skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Gas Detection by Mini-Raman Lidar

Shiina¹

2018

Ionizing Radiation Effects and Applications

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Now, Hydrogen gas is of particular interest as new energy source and dangerous material in nuclear facility. Fuel cell is started to use in home power generation system in 2008 and fuel cell vehicle (FCV) is commercialized from 2014 in Japan. On contrary, the Great East Japan Earthquake revealed the fear of hydrogen explosion on Fukushima Nuclear Power plant in 2011. Contact type hydrogen sensors induce changes on the gas flow, and the actual concentration cannot be known. It is hard to get the gas concentration distribution in hydrogen leakage area. We focused on optical remote sensing for the hydrogen detection. Raman scattering detection was accomplished for the hydrogen gas with a compact Diode Pumped Solid State (DPSS) laser-based Raman lidar. The quantitative measurement was conducted on the hydrogen gas concentration of 1-100% and the detectable distance of <50 m. Next, a LED-based mini Raman lidar was developed with the same optical design as the former one in viewpoints of its robust operation and usability in the nuclear facility. The high-speed photon counter was developed to follow the high repetition frequency of LED pulse of >500 kHz, and the quantitative measurements of hydrogen concentration were conducted on lab-experiment and at outdoor.

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“…A Raman lidar system is one of the remote hydrogen gas detection techniques. It is able to measure the range of the hydrogen gas distribution and hydrogen gas concentration densities remotely [1,2,[8][9][10][11][12][13]. PRIVALOV suggested the method of the hydrogen gas molecules detection by using the Raman lidar system with a 532 nm wavelength laser [8]; 100 mJ and 400 mm diameter telescope was used in 2004 [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remotely measuring the hydrogen gas by using portable Raman lidar system

Choi¹,

Baik²,

Choi³

2021

Optica Applicata

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A Raman lidar system is able to detect the range of gas distribution and measure the hydrogen gas concentration remotely. This paper discusses the development of a photon counting Raman lidar system for remotely measuring the hydrogen gas concentration. To verify the developed photon counting Raman lidar system, experiments were carried out in outdoor conditions. As the results indicate, the developed photon counting Raman lidar system is possible to measure 0.66 to 100 vol% hydrogen gas concentrations at a distance of 30 m. In addition, the measuring average error measured 0.54% and the standard deviation is 2.42% at a distance of 30 m.

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Raman lidar system for hydrogen gas detection

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Coherent Raman Umklappscattering

Coherent Raman Umklappscattering

Hydrogen Gas Detection by Mini-Raman Lidar

Remotely measuring the hydrogen gas by using portable Raman lidar system

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