Raising environmental awareness through applied biochemistry laboratory experiments

Abstract

Our environment is under constant pressure and threat from various sources of pollution. Science students, in particular chemistry students, must not only be made aware of these issues, but also be taught that chemistry (and science) can provide solutions to such real-life issues. To this end, a newly developed biochemistry laboratory experiment is described that guides students to learn about the applicability of peroxidase enzymes to degrade organic dyes (as model pollutants) in simulated waste water. In addition to showing how enzymes can potentially be used for waste water remediation, various factors than can affect enzyme-based reactions such as pH, temperature, concentration of substrates/enzymes, and denaturants can also be tested. This "applied biotechnology" experiment was successfully implemented in an undergraduate biochemistry laboratory course to enhance students' learning of environmental issues as well important biochemistry concepts. Student survey confirmed that this laboratory experiment was successful in achieving the objectives of raising environmental awareness in students and illustrating the usefulness of chemistry in solving real-life problems. This experiment can be easily adopted in an introductory biochemistry laboratory course and taught as an inquiryguided exercise.

Differential Degradation and Detoxification of an Aromatic Pollutant by Two Different Peroxidases

“…However, SRB dye degradation by CPO was optimal at pH 2 and further increases in pH caused the degradation to decrease dramatically until it reached almost 25% at pH 4 (Figure 3A). These results are in agreement with previously published studies with SBP, where maximum degradation of Trypan Blue [35], Crystal Ponceau 6R [36], Amido Black [37], and Remazol Turquoise Blue G 133 [38] dyes were observed between pH 3–4, whereas CPO degradation of Alizarin Red and Crystal violet [39], Orange G and Sunset Yellow [40], and Thioflavin T [27], was maximum in the pH range between 2–3. Collectively, these results indicate that enzymatic remediation activity is significantly influenced by the pH of the reaction mixture, and SBP and CPO have different pH optima of pH 3–4 and pH 2–3, respectively.…”