“…In the 2019 election campaign, Liberal Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's use of blackface in his younger days was a highly publicized scandal (Besco and Matthews, 2022;Dobrowolsky and Leal-Iyoupe, 2022). In addition, a body of research has emerged examining multiple dimensions of race in Canadian politics, including electoral support for minority candidates (for example, Besco, 2015;Bird et al, 2016;Black and Erickson, 2006) and public support for permissive immigration policy (for example, Soroka and Roberton, 2010;Harell et al, 2012;Stolle et al, 2016). Despite this flourishing body of research, only a small body of work so far has attempted to assess the relationship between racial attitudes and voters' partisan voting preferences, though Blais (2005) and Gravelle (2018aGravelle ( , 2018b) are notable exceptions.…”