Rages—What Are They and Who Has Them?

Carlson, Gabrielle A.; Potegal, Michael; Margulies, David M.; Gutkovich, Zinoviy; Basile, Joann

doi:10.1089/cap.2008.0108

Cited by 85 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(33 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…20 Moreover, our findings are in keeping with those of a recent clinic study showing that, for children with severe persistent irritability, a diagnosis of BD is rarely justified upon careful clinical assessment. 21 However, it should be noted that the current study was not designed to test the hypothesis that the occurrence of (hypo-)manic or mixed episodes in SMD was no more than would occur by chance; this would require a much larger sample. Moreover, our findings do not exclude the possibility that BD and SMD have common pathophysiologic features.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Versus Severe Mood Dysregulation: Risk for Manic Episodes on Follow-Up

Stringaris

Baroni

Haimm

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-An important question in pediatric bipolar research is whether marked nonepisodic irritability is a manifestation of bipolar disorder in youth. This study tests the hypothesis that youth with severe mood dysregulation (SMD), a category created for the purpose of studying children presenting with severe nonepisodic irritability, will be significantly less likely to develop (hypo-)manic or mixed episodes over time than will youth with bipolar disorder (BD). Method-Patients with SMD (N = 84) and narrowly defined BD (N = 93) at baseline were followed up in 6-monthly intervals using the relevant K-SADS modules to ascertain (hypo-)manic or mixed episodes.Results-Only one of 84 SMD subjects (1/84 [1.2%]; 95% confidence interval CI = 0.0003 to 0.064) experienced a (hypo-)manic or mixed episode during the study (median follow-up = 28.7 months). The frequency of such episodes was more than 50 times higher in those with narrowly defined BD (58/93 [62.4%]; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.72).Conclusions-These data suggest that, over an approximately 2-year follow-up period, youth with SMD are unlikely to develop (hypo-)manic or mixed episodes. Keywords bipolar disorder; pediatric; severe mood dysregulation; irritability; ADHD In American psychiatric clinics and inpatient settings, dramatic increases in the rates of diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) have been documented over the past decade, 1,2 with a concomitant increase in prescription rates for antipsychotic medication. 3 This rapid increase in the diagnosis of pediatric BD has coincided with the contention that the clinical presentation of BD differs between children and adults. 4,5 The debate regarding the pediatric presentation of BD is complex. One important aspect of it has been the suggestion that marked irritability, even when it does not constitute an episodic change from baseline, is a manifestation of BD in youth. 4,6,7 To provide a framework for research on whether irritable children without distinct manic episodes have a developmental presentation of BD, we operationalized 8 a clinical syndrome, severe mood dysregulation (SMD), designed to capture chronically irritable children whose diagnostic status is in doubt. This paper uses a longitudinal sample to investigate the extent to which subjects with SMD develop episodes of (hypo-)mania, compared to youth with narrowly defined BD.The criteria for SMD require a persistent, nonepisodic clinical presentation of negatively valenced mood with frequent and impairing anger outbursts, combined with at least three of the "B" criteria of mania (pressured speech, agitation, insomnia, and flight of ideas/racing thoughts) and one (distractibility) that is also common to ADHD. 8 A community-based follow-up study suggests that SMD is common, with a lifetime prevalence of 3.3% in youth 9 to 19 years of age. 9 Furthermore, in that sample SMD predicted depressive disorder at 7-year follow-up in youths who were 9 to 19 years old at baseline. 9 Consistent with this finding, another community-based study of nonepisod...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Versus Severe Mood Dysregulation: Risk for Manic Episodes on Follow-Up

Stringaris

Baroni

Haimm

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, in Carlson's study [20] based on a series of 151 consecutive admissions in a department of pedopsychiatry of children from 4 to 12 years-old, 54.6% of these were admitted for behavioral disorders with aggressiveness and agitation crisis. A little more than a third of these children had a new crisis during their hospitalization.…”

Section: Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…G. Carlson studied the concept of tantrum, a frequent cause of hospitalization which may be strongly associated to a diagnosis of mania [20]. Among 130 children aged five to 12 years and hospitalized in child psychiatry, 55% had severe tantrums averaging one hour.…”

Section: Distinctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD and DMDD Comorbidities, Similarities and Distinctions

Masi¹,

Gignac²

2016

J Child Adolesc Behav

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the mid-90s, the number of children treated for bipolar disorder has increased considerably. Although the need to avoid a confusing terminology regarding bipolar disorder was generally accepted, agreement on diagnosis for this population was difficult to conclude. In particular, the controversy concerned children with chronic irritability and high comorbidity with ADHD. The DSM-5 working group on mood disorders proposed a new diagnosis: Dysruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD). If the distinction with bipolar appears now clear, high comorbidity with ADHD is concerning and makes the nosological limits unclear. However, differences are present and these two diseases must be distinguished in order to recognize their particular problems. Investigation of overlaps between ADHD and DMDD should help clarify their etiology, course and outcome.

show abstract

“…Several neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders that affect children including autism spectrum disorder, Tourette's syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, depressive disorder, intellectual disability, and a number of genetically defined disorders, are associated with more frequent and severe temper outbursts, which can persist throughout childhood and into adulthood (Belden, Thomson & Luby, 2008;Carlson, Potegal, Margulies, Gutkovich & Basile, 2009;Carlson & Dyson, 2012;Chen et al, 2013;Goldin, Matson, Tureck, Cervantes & Jang, 2013;Kano, Ohta, Nagai, Spector & Budman, 2008;Konst, Matson & Turygin, 2013;Maskey, Warnell, Parr, Le Couteur & McConachie, 2013;Oliver et al, 2013;Storch et al, 2012). In addition, it appears possible to distinguish normative temper outburst behavior from that associated with psychological disorder, on the basis of intensity, duration and the nature of component behaviors, even in children at an age when normative temper outbursts are common (Belden et al, 2008;Wakschlag et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it appears possible to distinguish normative temper outburst behavior from that associated with psychological disorder, on the basis of intensity, duration and the nature of component behaviors, even in children at an age when normative temper outbursts are common (Belden et al, 2008;Wakschlag et al, 2012). These disordered temper outbursts are highly disruptive and are a treatment priority for many individuals and their families (Carlson et al, 2009;Eisbach, Cluxton-Keller, Harrison, Krall, Hayat & Gross, 2014;Leclerc, O'Connor, Forget & Lavoie, 2011;Woodcock, Oliver & Humphreys, 2009;Tunnicliffe, Woodcock, Bull, Oliver & Penhallow, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%