RAGE Axis

Abstract

Abstract-Receptor for AGE (RAGE) is a multi-ligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules. Engagement of RAGE by its signal transduction ligands evokes inflammatory cell infiltration and activation in the vessel wall. In diabetes, when fueled by oxidant stress, hyperglycemia, and superimposed stresses such as hyperlipidemia or acute balloon/endothelial denuding arterial injury, the ligand-RAGE axis amplifies vascular stress and accelerates atherosclerosis and neointimal expansion. In this brief synopsis, we review the use of rodent models to test these concepts. Taken together, our findings support the premise that RAGE is an amplification step in vascular inflammation and acceleration of atherosclerosis. Future studies must rigorously test the potential impact of RAGE blockade in human subjects; such trials are on the horizon.

Redox Control of Renal Function and Hypertension

“…As mentioned, hyperglycemia contributes to the formation of AGEs, examples of which include pentosidine, carboxymethyllysine, carboxyethyllysine, and argpyrimidine. These have been shown to have direct effects on oxidative stress via binding to the receptor for AGE (RAGE) (229,290). Furthermore, blockade of RAGE resulted in abrogation of oxidative stress.…”

Relationship Of Glycated Haemoglobin (Hba1c) And Glucose In Streptozotocininduced Wistar Rats Is Determined By Linear Regression

“…Studies point to the fact that in diabetes mellitus intracellular protein of these tissues undergo excess non-enzymatic glycosylation and are known to alter the enzymatic activity, solubility, antigenicity and other functions of protein which accounts for the observed clinical dysfunction. As earlier shown by Bucala et al (2003) 12 , Naka et al (2004) 13 and Vlassra (2005) 14 , there is increasing evidence to support that inhibition of advanced glycated end products (AGEs)…”

Hypoglycaemic and Haematinic properties of ethanol leaf extract of <i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i> in alloxan induced diabetic rats.

“…Diabetes mellitus is the most important and common heterogeneous metabolic syndrome involving the endocrine organ, the pancreas (Frode and Medeiro, 2008), and is projected to be one of the world major killers in the near future (Naka et al, 2004). Many breakthroughs have been achieved in the treatment of diabetes; the most important being the production of recombinant insulin.…”

“…The primary feature of this disorder is elevation in blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia), resulting from either a defect in insulin secretion from the pancreas, a change in insulin action, or both (Bucirelli et al, 2002). Sustained hyperglycaemia affects almost all tissues in the body and is associated with significant complications on multiple organ system, including the eyes, nerves, kidneys, and blood vessels (Naka et al, 2004). …”