Rafy procesu rewitalizacji – teoria i polskie doświadczenia

Abstract

Polish urban regeneration experience dates back to the early 1990s. However Polish conservation and heritage valorisation practice, widely recognized in the world, can be dated back to the period of the communist era. Due to the subsequent amendments of the approach to the regeneration processes Polish municipalities have had the opportunity to explore the full spectrum of the meaning of the term "regeneration" and to learn how to use it. Their experiences show that not only positive but also negative changes have taken place. The negative effects of urban regeneration processes have mainly touched the most vulnerable inhabitants and other stakeholders of the degraded areas. The article presents risks associated with the urban regeneration and its systematization in light of the theory as well as the Polish experience followed by recommendations for evolutionary changes that can limit the exposure of Polish city residents to the negative effects of the process.

Polish Local Government’s Perspective on Revitalisation: A Framework for Future Socially Sustainable Solutions

“…The presented research results are consistent with the general conclusions of other researchers in Poland [71,73,[84][85][86][87][88]. The major weaknesses of the current approach to revitalisation processes include: concentration on the renovation of physical infrastructure, fragmentation of activities and their superficial connection to the economic and social objectives of revitalisation, lack of social participation and the closing of the circle of a fixed, limited set of tasks for local authorities.…”

“…High scores were also given to objectives pertaining to the reconstruction of physical structures: improve social infrastructure within the revitalised area; improve the aesthetics of the municipal landscape; develop public space for residents, such as woonerfs, playgrounds, parks; repair roads, pavements, and lighting. Studies carried out by other Polish researchers also suggest a prevalence of objectives proposing major repairs that could improve the image of a municipality and its spatial order [70][71][72][73].…”

“…This research finding is confirmed in works of other scholars. There is a general belief that economic measures are included in revitalisation programmes just to comply with the requirement of ensuring an integrated approach to revitalisation and increase chances to win EU funds while their practical application is very limited [73]. Studies conducted by the Institute of Urban and Regional Development revealed that among the 5521 revitalisation projects that they examined, the majority proposed measures that impact the social sphere (69.5%), while actions that impact environmental aspects were scarce (21%), with economic measures featuring only slightly more frequently (25%) [75].…”

Programowanie działań rewitalizacyjnych – przykład Konina

“…W latach 2004-2013 często powstawały programy sztampowe, schematyczne, spełniające minimalne wymogi wytycznych instytucji zarządzających regionalnymi programami operacyjnymi (zwanych dalej IZ RPO). Nastawione one były głównie na pozyskanie środków unijnych na realizację projektów infrastrukturalnych (Jadach-Sepioło 2018). Niezbyt dużą wagę (poza wyjątkami, jak np.…”

“…W miastach europejskich wyróżnia się dwa podejścia do podmiotu rewitalizacji. Pierwsze koncentruje się na mieszkańcach (people-based intiatives -PBI), drugie natomiast na obszarze (area-based initiatives -ABI) (Anderson 2006, Jadach-Sepioło 2018. Większość prac traktuje rewitalizację jak lekarstwo na problemy terenów zdegradowanych.…”