Radon variations during treatment in thermal spas of Lesvos Island (Greece)

Dosimetry modelling of transient radon and progeny concentration peaks: results from in situ measurements in Ikaria spas, Greece

“…In all centres, ventilation is achieved manually through window openings. It is noteworthy that, in contrast to other spa centres in Greece, 7,22,23 the TRs of the Apollon spas are separated by semi-high walls, i.e., not reaching the top of the roof. Therefore, ventilation may be also achieved physically, i.e., through air movement from the wall openings.…”

“…5,6,10,11,[14][15][16][17][18] The issue is credited locally in Greece as well. 7,9,12,13,[19][20][21][22][23][24] Since 2007, researchers have attempted to describe transient concentration peaks of radon and progeny in thermal spas, via dynamical semi-empirical modelling of physical parameters that are involved and impose difficulties in measurement. 12,13,21 This kind of modelling rendered the successful delineation of the concentration proles of radon and progeny in several spa environments and provided an alternative approach for the estimation of the Potential Alpha Energy Concentration (PAEC) and dose.…”

“…35 For comparison purposes, in this work measuring methodologies similar to those of the previous studies were followed. 12,[22][23][24] Special care was taken for the accurate synchronisation of AG and EQF in radon measurement. Several baseline radon proles (A e ) were collected in empty TRs aer continuous experiments of ve days duration.…”

“…3,4 Radon and progeny are important agents of the radiation burden of visitors and working personnel in thermal spas. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The elevated concentration of radon in the inowing water and the applied hydro-mechanical ux techniques increase ambient concentrations of radon and progeny and intensify human radiation burden. 13,25 The European Union acknowledged this…”

Analysis of exposure to radon in Bulgarian rehabilitation hospitals

“…The value of the equilibrium factor, F, depends primarily on the indoor ventilation rate because of opening/shutting of windows, and the use of electric fans and air conditioners. Although the equilibrium factor in thermal spas, according to some authors varies from 0.2 (Vogiannis et al, 2004) to 0.6 (Soto and Gomez, 1999), the standard assumption of F = 0.4 was applied for calculation (UNSCEAR 2000;ICRP, 2017). Further, t is exposure time in hours.…”