Radioprotective Effects of Gallic Acid in Mice

Abstract

Radioprotecting ability of the natural polyphenol, gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA), was investigated in Swiss albino mice. Oral administration of GA (100 mg/kg body weight), one hour prior to whole body gamma radiation exposure (2–8 Gy; 6 animals/group), reduced the radiation-induced cellular DNA damage in mouse peripheral blood leukocytes, bone marrow cells, and spleenocytes as revealed by comet assay. The GA administration also prevented the radiation-induced decrease in the levels of the antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidise (GPx), and nonprotein thiol glutathione (GSH) and inhibited the peroxidation of membrane lipids in these animals. Exposure of mice to whole body gamma radiation also caused the formation of micronuclei in blood reticulocytes and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells, and the administration of GA resulted in the inhibition of micronucleus formation and chromosomal aberrations. In irradiated animals, administration of GA elicited an enhancement in the rate of DNA repair process and a significant increase in endogenous spleen colony formation. The administration of GA also prevented the radiation-induced weight loss and mortality in animals (10 animals/group) exposed to lethal dose (10 Gy) of gamma radiation. (For every experiment unirradiated animals without GA administration were taken as normal control; specific dose (Gy) irradiated animals without GA administration serve as radiation control; and unirradiated GA treated animals were taken as drug alone control).

Age and sex differences in genome damage between prepubertal and adult mice after exposure to ionising radiation

“…Our results are in concordance with historical data which shows that that the peak in the MN frequency has been observed 48 h after exposure to lower doses of 2 Gy or 3 Gy of gamma radiation (33,34). This study also confirms the conclusions of previous studies that young animals are more susceptible to the effects of ionising radiation than adults (35)(36)(37)(38).…”

Immunomodulatory Effects of Gallic Acid against Cyclophosphamide- and Cisplatin-induced Immunosuppression in Swiss Albino Mice

“…Polyphenols are agents targeted for disease prevention and have oral bioavailability. Gallic acid is nontoxic to mammals at pharmacological doses is generally absorbed in the intestine [42] . Oral route of administration is the only viable route and hence gallic acid was administered to animals through oral route [61] .…”

“…These plant bioactive compounds are considered as effective antioxidants. Even, the antioxidant property of gallic acid as a specific compound or as bioactive compound was well recognised by researchers [41][42][43][44] . Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen radicals, which are formed naturally in our body, which results in oxidative stress causing deleterious effects on genetic material.…”

“…Accordingly, doses of gallic acid selected for this study were 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. The LD 50 value of gallic acid has been reported as 5000 mg/kg in rats (Nair and Nair, 2013) [42] . Experimental animals were immunized by injecting 0.1 ml of 20 % SRBC (1×10 8 cells) intraperitoneal (i.p.…”

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester attenuates ionize radiation-induced intestinal injury through modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and p38MAPK in rats

“…Many synthetic compounds or natural antioxidants have been investigated as potential radioprotective agents (Nazıroglu et al, 2013). However, the inherent toxicity of these agents at the radioprotective doses warrant further search for safer and more effective radioprotectors (Nair and Nair, 2013). Recently, several researches have focused on the potential use of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) as free radical scavengers to prevent oxidative damage (Tolba et al, 2014).…”