Radiopharmaceutical Sciences

Neumaier, Bernd; Benešová, Martina; Hugenberg, Verena; Gupta, Viplav; Spahn, Ingo; Pietzsch, Hans‐Jürgen; Liolios, Christos; Kopka, Klaus

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39457-8_2

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 790 publications

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“…Radioactive iodine (RAI) was the first radiopharmaceutical of clinical importance in nuclear medicine ( 1 ). RAI treatment has been used to treat hyperthyroidism and well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma ( 2 , 3 ), and the basic term “radiotheranostics” has been used in clinical practice since 1940s ( 4 ). RAI treatment remains the main treatment strategy, especially in well-differentiated thyroid cancer of intermediate- and high-risk features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of YouTube as an Information Source for Radioactive Iodine Therapy: Do YouTube Videos Have High Quality?

Şan¹

2022

Mirt

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Objectives: Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is a radionuclide treatment for hyperthyroidism and well-differentiated thyroid cancer. One of the most popular sources of information for patients on the internet is YouTube. This study aimed to examine the quality of videos about RAI treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed by using videos in YouTube. The terms “radyoaktif iyot tedavisi” and “radioactive iodine treatment” were used to search related videos in June 2021. The quality of the videos was assessed by using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, the DISCERN scale, and the global quality scale (GQS). Results: Of the total 88 videos evaluated, 56 videos (30 in English, 26 in Turkish) were analyzed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven (12.5%) videos were assigned to the high-quality group, 16 (28.58%) to the intermediate quality group, and 33 (58.92%) to the low quality group. The findings of this study showed that the most popular videos with the highest video power index (VPI) scores and the highest number of video likes and comments belonged to the intermediate quality group. Contrarily, popularity level, number of video likes, and number of video views were the lowest in the high-quality group. The analysis of video sources revealed that viewers most preferred non-physician-sourced videos, with average total views of 59307.80 [standard deviation (SD): 122554.13]. The most liked videos were non-physician-made videos, with average total likes of 424.35 (SD: 639.41). The mean VPI scores were the highest in non-physician-made videos, with 25.18 (SD: 25.69). The average JAMA (1.92, SD: 0.50), DISCERN (34.31, SD: 14.33), and GQS scores (2.61, SD: 0.99) were the highest in physician-made videos. Conclusion: Although high-quality videos on YouTube may inform and encourage patients positively, unprofessional, incorrect, and incomplete information can be also uploaded on YouTube and may mislead patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of YouTube as an Information Source for Radioactive Iodine Therapy: Do YouTube Videos Have High Quality?

Şan¹

2022

Mirt

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“…The majority of PET imaging preclinical and clinical studies refer to 18 F labeled c(RGD) n multimers, while following them are the 68 Ga and 64 Cu labeled ones. 18 F is a PET radioisotope combining favorable physical and chemical characteristics (half-life = 109 min, β + 96.7%, 0.64 MeV), which can be easily produced as aqueous fluoride by means of proton irradiation of 18 O-enriched water with a biomedical cyclotron [31]. 18 F-radiolabeling is achieved using reactions of nucleophilic substitution on suitable precursors, which carry appropriate leaving groups e.g., halides, sulfonates, and ammonium cations, or aromatic rings with activating residues like electron-withdrawing groups in appropriate positions [32].…”

Section: F Labeled Cyclic Rgd Multimersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of chelator groups i.e., NOTA, DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazadodecane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid), facilitates the radiolabeling of c(RGD) multimers with various radionuclides; among them the positron-emitting PET radionuclide 64 Cu (half-life = 762 min, β + 17.9%, 0.64 MeV), which can be produced from a biomedical cyclotron with various methods [31]. Radiolabeling is achieved by complexation of 64 (Figure 8) [56].…”

Section: Cu Labeled C(rgd) Multimersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An interesting alternative for the 18 F and 64 Cu cyclotron-produced PET radionuclides is the generator-produced 68 Ga, which can be eluted from an inhouse 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator ( 68 Ge, T 1/2 = 270.8 days) and has optimal physical characteristics (β + 89%, 1.92 MeV) for PET imaging. Furthermore, its half-life of 68 min, is compatible with the pharmacokinetics of many peptides [ 31 ]. The following section refers to the 68 Ga radiolabeled c(RGD) multimers in comparison to their 18 F and 64 Cu structural analogs, as well as to some 68 Ga radiolabeled c(RGD) multimers not previously mentioned.…”

Section: Preclinical Studies Of Multimeric Cyclic Rgd Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PET Diagnostic Molecules Utilizing Multimeric Cyclic RGD Peptide Analogs for Imaging Integrin αvβ3 Receptors

et al. 2021

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Multimeric ligands consisting of multiple pharmacophores connected to a single backbone have been widely investigated for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this review, we summarize recent developments regarding multimeric radioligands targeting integrin αvβ3 receptors on cancer cells for molecular imaging and diagnostic applications using positron emission tomography (PET). Integrin αvβ3 receptors are glycoproteins expressed on the cell surface, which have a significant role in tumor angiogenesis. They act as receptors for several extracellular matrix proteins exposing the tripeptide sequence arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD). Cyclic RDG peptidic ligands c(RGD) have been developed for integrin αvβ3 tumor-targeting positron emission tomography (PET) diagnosis. Several c(RGD) pharmacophores, connected with the linker and conjugated to a chelator or precursor for radiolabeling with different PET radionuclides (18F, 64Cu, and 68Ga), have resulted in multimeric ligands superior to c(RGD) monomers. The binding avidity, pharmacodynamic, and PET imaging properties of these multimeric c(RGD) radioligands, in relation to their structural characteristics are analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, specific examples from preclinical studies and clinical investigations are included.

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“…A cyclotron is a specialized, large-scale device (14,15) in which charged particles such as protons, deuterons or alpha particles can be accelerated to very high speeds in a circular path and directed on predominantly liquid and solid targets consisting of stable (enriched) isotopes converted into corresponding radionuclides by nuclear reactions (see Figure 1). The result is radioactive atoms that can be separated from the target material and radiochemically processed in synthesis modules (radiosynthesizers) for the automated production of tracers, which are formulated mainly into saline PET radiopharmaceutical injection solutions to image patients by intravenous injection of the radiopharmaceutical (15,16). Common short-lived radionuclides used for PET imaging include e.g., 18 F, 68 Ga, 11 C, 13 N, 15 O, 44 Sc, 64 Cu, 89 Zr, 86 Y and 124 I (9,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclotrons Operated for Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy in the German Speaking D-A-CH Countries: An Update on Current Status and Trends

Zippel¹,

Ermert

Patt

et al. 2022

Front. Nucl. Med.

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BackgroundCyclotrons form a central infrastructure and are a resource of medical radionuclides for the development of new radiotracers as well as the production and supply of clinically established radiopharmaceuticals for patient care in nuclear medicine.AimTo provide an updated overview of the number and characteristics of cyclotrons that are currently in use within radiopharmaceutical sciences and for the development of radiopharmaceuticals to be used for patient care in Nuclear Medicine in Germany (D), Austria (A) and Switzerland (CH).MethodsPublicly available information on the cyclotron infrastructure was (i) consolidated and updated, (ii) supplemented by selective desktop research and, last but not least, (iii) validated by members of the committee of the academic “Working Group Radiochemistry and Radiopharmacy” (AGRR), consisting of radiochemists and radiopharmacists of the D-A-CH countries and belonging to the German Society of Nuclear Medicine (DGN), as well as the Radiopharmaceuticals Committee of the DGN.ResultsIn total, 42 cyclotrons were identified that are currently being operated for medical radionuclide production for imaging and therapy in Nuclear Medicine clinics, 32 of them in Germany, 4 in Austria and 6 in Switzerland. Two thirds of the cyclotrons reported (67%) are operated by universities, university hospitals or research institutions close to a university hospital, less by/in cooperation with industrial partners (29%) or a non-academic clinic/ PET-center (5%). Most of the cyclotrons (88%) are running with up to 18 MeV proton beams, which is sufficient for the production of the currently most common cyclotron-based radionuclides for PET imaging.DiscussionThe data presented provide an academically-updated overview of the medical cyclotrons operated for the production of radiopharmaceuticals and their use in Nuclear Medicine in the D-A-CH countries. In this context, we discuss current developments and trends with a view to the cyclotron infrastructure in these countries, with a specific focus on organizational aspects.

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Radiopharmaceutical Sciences

Cited by 5 publications

References 790 publications

Use of YouTube as an Information Source for Radioactive Iodine Therapy: Do YouTube Videos Have High Quality?

Use of YouTube as an Information Source for Radioactive Iodine Therapy: Do YouTube Videos Have High Quality?

PET Diagnostic Molecules Utilizing Multimeric Cyclic RGD Peptide Analogs for Imaging Integrin αvβ3 Receptors

Cyclotrons Operated for Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy in the German Speaking D-A-CH Countries: An Update on Current Status and Trends

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