Radiology of bacterial pneumonia

Vilar, J.; Domingo, M.L.; Soto, Cristina; Cogollos, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2004.03.010

Cited by 106 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Pneumonia is the sixth leading cause of death and the first leading cause of death due to infection worldwide (1). Among the types of community-acquired pneumonia, S. pneumoniae pneumonia is of great concern due to its tendency to develop antibiotic resistance (15,16) and its association with high mortality rates in children and the elderly (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the new era of antibiotics, varied patterns and distributions of infective organisms have been reported (13). Vilar et al recently reported that pneumococcal pneumonia can appear as patchy, confluent areas that may be multilobular or bilateral (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to various studies, the usual radiological manifestation of S. pneumoniae pneumonia includes complete lobar consolidation that involves one segment or lobe with reactive parapneumonic effusion (1,3). On chest CT, the pulmonary pathology is characteristically represented as a nonsegmental pattern of distribution (11,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most common causative agent (48% of all cases) of community-acquired pneumonia, followed by viruses (19%), Haemophilus influenzae (20%), Chlamydia pneumoniae (13%) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (3%) (1,2). S. pneumonia is a Grampositive bacterium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary Computed Tomography Findings in 39 Cases of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Pneumonia

et al. 2012

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Objective The main objective of our study was to describe the pulmonary distribution of consolidation and ground-glass opacity (GGO) in chest computed tomography (CT) scans of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. In addition, the percentage of other pulmonary abnormalities was also reported. Methods We retrospectively evaluated chest CT examinations performed between November 2008 and January 2010 in 39 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia. Eight patients with Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia were also included for comparison. Patients There were 19 women and 28 men with clinical symptoms of fever and productive cough and laboratory findings of leukocytosis with markedly high C-reactive protein levels. Chest X-ray scores before and after treatment were calculated. The average score before treatment was 4. The average score after treatment was 0. Parenchymal abnormalities were evaluated along with the presence of enlarged lymph nodes and pleural effusions. The distribution of parenchymal disease was also analyzed. Results The chest CT findings in the patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia consisted primarily of consolidation (56.4%), ground-glass opacity (71.7%), interlobular reticular opacity (69.2%), centrilobular nodules (53.8%), interlobular septal thickening (46.6%), bronchial wall thickening (46.6%), lymph node enlargement (10.2%) and pleural effusion (10.2%). Segmental distribution (65.7%) was seen more frequently than nonsegmental distribution (35.9%). Abnormal findings were noticed bilaterally in 14 patients and unilaterally in 25 patients. On both the right and left sides, predominant zonal distributions were seen in the lower lobes. In contrast, among the eight patients with H. influenzae pneumonia, one patient had both segmental and nonsegmental distributions and the remaining seven patients had only segmental distributions. Conclusion In conclusion, segmental distributions of parenchymal abnormalities are more common than non-segmental distributions on chest CT scans of patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary Computed Tomography Findings in 39 Cases of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Pneumonia

et al. 2012

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“…However, the classification of CAP according to radiological patterns (lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and interstitial pneumonia) is of limited use in predicting the causal agent: it cannot distinguish between the groups of agents (bacterial and nonbacterial). (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) Specific agents can cause different manifestations that can change or become more intense throughout the course of the disease, being frequently influenced by the immunological status. (13) Chest X-ray is the imaging method of choice for the initial approach to CAP because its costeffectiveness is excellent, the doses of radiation employed are low and the method is widely available.…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diretrizes brasileiras para pneumonia adquirida na comunidade em adultos imunocompetentes - 2009

et al. 2009

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Community-acquired pneumonia continues to be the acute infectious disease that has the greatest medical and social impact regarding morbidity and treatment costs. Children and the elderly are more susceptible to severe complications, thereby justifying the fact that the prevention measures adopted have focused on these age brackets. Despite the advances in the knowledge of etiology and physiopathology, as well as the improvement in preliminary clinical and therapeutic methods, various questions merit further investigation. This is due to the clinical, social, demographical and structural diversity, which cannot be fully predicted. Consequently, guidelines are published in order to compile the most recent knowledge in a systematic way and to promote the rational use of that knowledge in medical practice. Therefore, guidelines are not a rigid set of rules that must be followed, but first and foremost a tool to be used in a critical way, bearing in mind the variability of biological and human responses within their individual and social contexts. This document represents the conclusion of a detailed discussion among the members of the Scientific Board and Respiratory Infection Committee of the Brazilian Thoracic Association. The objective of the work group was to present relevant topics in order to update the previous guidelines. We attempted to avoid the repetition of consensual concepts. The principal objective of creating this document was to present a compilation of the recent advances published in the literature and, consequently, to contribute to improving the quality of the medical care provided to immunocompetent adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia.Keywords: Pneumonia; Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Practice guideline; Primary prevention. ResumoA pneumonia adquirida na comunidade mantém-se como a doença infecciosa aguda de maior impacto médico-social quanto à morbidade e a custos relacionados ao tratamento. Os grupos etários mais suscetíveis de complicações graves situam-se entre os extremos de idade, fato que tem justificado a adoção de medidas de prevenção dirigidas a esses estratos populacionais. Apesar do avanço no conhecimento no campo da etiologia e da fisiopatologia, assim como no aperfeiçoamento dos métodos propedêuticos e terapêuticos, inúmeros pontos merecem ainda investigação adicional. Isto se deve à diversidade clínica, social, demográfica e estrutural, que são tópicos que não podem ser previstos em sua totalidade. Dessa forma, a publicação de diretrizes visa agrupar de maneira sistematizada o conhecimento atualizado e propor sua aplicação racional na prática médica. Não se trata, portanto, de uma regra rígida a ser seguida, mas, antes, de uma ferramenta para ser utilizada de forma crítica, tendo em vista a variabilidade da resposta biológica e do ser humano, no seu contexto individual e social. Esta diretriz constitui o resultado de uma discussão ampla entre os membros do Conselho Científico e da Comissão de Infecções Respiratórias da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiol...

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Pulmonary Imaging in Immunocompromised Patients

Franquet

2009

Pulmonary Infection in the Immunocompromised Patient

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Radiology of bacterial pneumonia

Cited by 106 publications

References 25 publications

Pulmonary Computed Tomography Findings in 39 Cases of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Pneumonia

Pulmonary Computed Tomography Findings in 39 Cases of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Pneumonia

Diretrizes brasileiras para pneumonia adquirida na comunidade em adultos imunocompetentes - 2009

Pulmonary Imaging in Immunocompromised Patients

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