Radiological Features of Iron-Deficiency Anemia

Lanzkowsky, Philip

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1968.02100020018003

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, one might speculate that the wider medullary cavities may to some extent reflect marrow hyperplasia as a response to the high rate of childhood anemia, suggested by the frequency of cribra orbitalia in this group (cf. Lanzkowsky, 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-dependent cortical bone loss in women from 18th and early 19th Century London

Mays

2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Age-dependent cortical bone loss was investigated in an earlier British population. The study sample comprised female skeletons from the 18th/19th century crypt at Christ Church, Spitalfields, London. Bone loss was monitored using metacarpal radiogrammetry. Age at death was known exactly from coffin plates. Results indicated that peak cortical thickness was less than in modern subjects. Continuing periosteal apposition was evident throughout adulthood, and the rate of increase in metacarpal diameter resembled that in modern subjects. Bone loss from the endosteal surface was evident from the fifth decade onwards, and this outstripped the rate of subperiosteal gain so that there was a net loss of cortical bone with age. Cortical bone loss occurred at a similar rate to that in modern subjects. In contrast to modern populations, there was no evidence that loss of cortical bone was associated with increased propensity to fracture. The present results, together with those previously published for a British medieval skeletal assemblage, suggest that patterns of cortical bone loss in women have remained unchanged over at least the last millennium in Britain. Given the great changes in lifestyle which have occurred during this period, this suggests that lifestyle factors may be rather less important than is sometimes asserted in influencing the severity of osteoporosis, at least as far as loss of cortical bone is concerned.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-dependent cortical bone loss in women from 18th and early 19th Century London

Mays

2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1). In extreme cases of anemia, such as those seen in cases of thalassemia major, the diploë hypertrophies far beyond the original ectocranial surface to create palpable bosses and a distinctive ''hair-on-end'' effect that is readily observed in radiographs (Hooton, 1930;Caffey, 1951;Eng, 1958;Lanzkowsky, 1968;Stuart-Macadam, 1987).…”

Section: Anemia and Porotic Hyperostosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1950s, iron-deficiency anemia has gained acceptance as the most likely cause of the marrow hypertrophy that produces porotic hyperostosis. This inference is based principally on analogies with modern clinical cases in which hematological evidence of iron-deficiency anemia and radiographic evidence of cranial vault marrow hypertrophy co-occur (Sheldon, 1936;Eng, 1958;Britton et al, 1960;Shahidi and Diamond, 1960;Burko et al, 1961;Jelliffe and Blackman, 1962;Powell et al, 1965;Aksoy et al, 1966;Lanzkowsky, 1968;Agarwal et al, 1970;Moseley, 1974).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The causes of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia: A reappraisal of the iron‐deficiency‐anemia hypothesis

Walker

Bathurst

Richman

et al. 2009

American J Phys Anthropol

649

507

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porosities in the outer table of the cranial vault (porotic hyperostosis) and orbital roof (cribra orbitalia) are among the most frequent pathological lesions seen in ancient human skeletal collections. Since the 1950s, chronic iron-deficiency anemia has been widely accepted as the probable cause of both conditions. Based on this proposed etiology, bioarchaeologists use the prevalence of these conditions to infer living conditions conducive to dietary iron deficiency, iron malabsorption, and iron loss from both diarrheal disease and intestinal parasites in earlier human populations. This iron-deficiency-anemia hypothesis is inconsistent with recent hematological research that shows iron deficiency per se cannot sustain the massive red blood cell production that causes the marrow expansion responsible for these lesions. Several lines of evidence suggest that the accelerated loss and compensatory over-production of red blood cells seen in hemolytic and megaloblastic anemias is the most likely proximate cause of porotic hyperostosis. Although cranial vault and orbital roof porosities are sometimes conflated under the term porotic hyperostosis, paleopathological and clinical evidence suggests they often have different etiologies. Reconsidering the etiology of these skeletal conditions has important implications for current interpretations of malnutrition and infectious disease in earlier human populations.

show abstract

“…Angel (1964) suggests that hereditary hemolytic anemia may have caused the porotic lesions noted in Mediterranean skeletal samples. However, the vast geographic, temporal, and racial variability of skeletal populations exhibiting the pathology encouraged other researchers to explore the associaticn between acquired anemia (iron-deficiency anemia) and porotic hyperostosis (Henschen, 1961;Nathan and Haas, 1966;Hengen, 1971;Lanzkowsky, 1968Lanzkowsky, ,1976El-Najjar et al, 1975;El-Najjar and Robertson, 1976;Cybulski, 1977;Mensforth et al, 1978;Huss-Ashmore et al, 1982;Hummert and Van Gerven, 1983).…”

Section: Porotic Hyperostosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of anemia and infection from medieval York, England

Grauer

1993

American J Phys Anthropol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An assessment of the presence and patterns of porotic hyperostosis and periosteal reactions in the skeletal population (n = 1,014) from St. Helen-on-the-Walls, York, are used to examine health and disease in urban medieval England. The analyses of these two lesions indicate that 58% of the population display evidence of porotic hyperostosis and that 21.5% of the population display periosteal reactions. Through differential diagnosis it is asserted that porotic hyperostosis is associated with iron-deficiency anemia, and that periosteal reactions may be the result of endemic treponematosis and/or non-specific infection, including parasitic infestation. An association between the presence of remodeled lesions and adulthood is noticeable for both porotic hyperostosis and periosteal reactions, as is a pattern of increased average age at death for those displaying both conditions.

show abstract

Radiological Features of Iron-Deficiency Anemia

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Age-dependent cortical bone loss in women from 18th and early 19th Century London

Age-dependent cortical bone loss in women from 18th and early 19th Century London

The causes of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia: A reappraisal of the iron‐deficiency‐anemia hypothesis

Patterns of anemia and infection from medieval York, England

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About