Radical Depolymerization of Alginate Extracted from Moroccan Brown Seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata

Abstract

The degradation of alginate extracted from Moroccan Bifurcaria bifurcata has not been fully established to date. In this work, we report the extraction and the characterization of alginate (ASBB) from the brown algae B. bifurcata, as well as the production of oligo-alginates (OGABs) by using a green chemistry process. The depolymerization of ASBB was carried out by controlled radical hydrolysis through our green chemistry process using a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) catalyst. The molecular weight (Mw) and degree of polymerization (DP) distribution of oligo-alginates (OGABs) obtained were then characterized by HPLC size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). Structural characterization revealed that after 6 h of depolymerization of ASBB, we obtained OGABs with Mw ≤ 5.5 kDa and 2 ≤ DP ≤ 24. These results highlight the effectiveness of the controlled radical hydrolysis of alginate to produce good yields of alginate fractions with controlled Mw with a known polymerization degree (DP) and without altering properties of oligo-alginates. Bifurcaria bifurcata can be a potential source of alginate and oligo-alginates given its abundance on the northwest Atlantic coast. The production and characterization of oligo-alginates promote their exploitation in the cosmetic, pharmaceutic, and agriculture fields.

Induction of Natural Defenses in Tomato Seedlings by Using Alginate and Oligoalginates Derivatives Extracted from Moroccan Brown Algae

“…Alginate was extracted from the brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata from the Moroccan coast. The polysaccharides were extracted through a series of steps involving acid and alkali heat treatment and purified by rinsing several times with ethanol, and then analyzed chemically and structurally [ 11 , 12 ]. Oligoalginates were obtained after radical depolymerization of the alginate by aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) solution for 6 h at 70 °C.…”

“…Oligoalginates were obtained after radical depolymerization of the alginate by aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) solution for 6 h at 70 °C. The hydrolysis process was described in detail in the previous study [ 11 ]. Extraction and purification techniques were potentially optimized to achieve higher yield of target compound.…”

“…The polysaccharides and oligosaccharides used in this study were provided in the Institut Pascal, University Clermont Auvergne in France. The extraction and purification of alginate and oligoalginates derivatives, from the brown algae Bifurcaria bifurcata , were previously described in detail [ 11 , 12 ], and the Chemical Analysis, High-Performance Steric Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC) (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and NMR Spectroscopy Analysis (Bruker Scientific Instruments, Billerica, MA, USA), were established according to the published protocol.…”

Hydrogen Peroxide Effects on Natural-Sourced Polysacchrides: Free Radical Formation/Production, Degradation Process, and Reaction Mechanism—A Critical Synopsis

“…Table 1 shows some examples of antioxidative polysaccharides and their sources. Out of 46 examples of antioxidative polysaccharides total presented herein, two (2) that include Hyriopsis cumingii and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were of animal [ 25 , 141 , 142 ], four (4) that include Bacillus coagulans , Edwardsiella tarda , Paenibacillus polymyxa , and Streptomyces virginia were of bacterial [ 25 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 ], seven (7) that include Bifurcaria bifurcata , Enteromorpha linza , Fucus vesiculosus , Laminaria angustata , L. japonica , Padina gymnospora , and Phaeophyceae spp were of algae [ 25 , 36 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 ], fifteen (15) that include Astragalus mongholicus , Auricularia auricula , Azadirachta indica leaves, Chuanminshen violaceum , Dendrobium huoshanense , Litchi chinensis Sonn., Longan , Lycium barbarum , Persimmon , Portulaca oleracea L., pumpkin, Astragali radix , Ribes nigrum L. (blackcurrant fruits), Scutellaria barbata D. Don, and Tremella fuciformis were of plant [ 34 , 42 , 43 , 123 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 ,…”

Induction of Defense Gene Expression and the Resistance of Date Palm to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Albedinis in Response to Alginate Extracted from Bifurcaria bifurcata

“…The alginate fraction was extracted from the brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata R. Ross harvested from the Moroccan Atlantic coast of El Jadida city. The pure alginate was produced according to the extraction, purification and characterization techniques described previously [29,70].…”