Radiation-induced solution chlorination of PVC

Visible Blue LED Mediated Aqueous Photochlorination of PVC to CPVC: A Shrinking Core Kinetic Model and Experimental Study

“…The volumetric gas−liquid mass transfer coefficient (k la , 1/s) is calculated from the correlation mentioned in eq 11. 40 11) where V G is the superficial gas velocity in m/s, P (W) is the total power input to the agitator, and V SL (m 3 ) is the total slurry volume.…”

“…There are four major processes commercially used for the production of CPVC from PVC: (i) The older solution photochlorination where PVC is dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent and chlorination of solution is carried out. This process is nearly obsolete because of many disadvantages, such as use of organic solvents, which invariably get chlorinated during chlorination of PVC. , (ii) Solid-state dry chlorination is the process where chlorination of fluidized PVC particles is done with chlorine and nitrogen in the presence of UV irradiation. , This type of process has the advantage of not using any solvent and not requiring postchlorination treatment. However, the dry process has capacity limitation in scaling up to about 10 KTA size and a slow chlorination reaction rate, and the starting PVC needs to have high porosity to overcome diffusional resistances during chlorination reaction .…”

“…This process is nearly obsolete because of many disadvantages, such as use of organic solvents, which invariably get chlorinated during chlorination of PVC. 10,11 (ii) Solid-state dry chlorination is the process where chlorination of fluidized PVC particles is done with chlorine and nitrogen in the presence of UV irradiation. 12,13 This type of process has the advantage of not using any solvent and not requiring postchlorination treatment.…”